1. CLIMBING

2. EQUIPMENT Climbing shoes Climbing harness Climbing ropes

3. Belay devices Or ATC Climbing carabiners Quickdraws

4. SECURITY 1. Always Check Harnesses After you've geared up and tied into the rope at the base of a route, always check that both the climber's and belayer's harness buckles are doubled back. Make sure the leg loops are also snug; most harnesses have adjustable leg loops. harness 2. Always Check Knots Before you start climbing, always double check to make sure that the lead climber's tie-in knot (usually a Figure-8 Follow-Through) is tied correctly and finished with a backup knot. Also check that the rope is threaded through both the waist loop and the leg loops on the harness.Figure-8 Follow-Throughharness

5. 3. Always Check the Rope and Belay Device Before you lead a route, always double check to make sure that the rope is properly threaded through the belay device (especially if it is a GriGri). Also, always make sure that the rope and belay device are attached with a locking carabiner to the belay loop on the belayer's harness.lead a routebelay device GriGrilocking carabiner 6. Always Pay Attention When you're belaying, always pay attention to the leader above. He is the one taking the risks of a fall and leading the route. It is smart to never visit with other climbers at the base, talk on a cell phone while you are belaying.belaying

6. BELAYING The belayer, the person who establishes a belay by holding the rope, turns a climbing rope into a safety tool rather than what the great climber Royal Robbins once called “a lethal weapon.” Belaying, while sounding rather complicated, is actually an easy climbing skill to learn and to become a good belayer mostly requires lots of practice.belayRoyal Robbins Be a Good Safe Belayer Belaying is the most critical part of your climbing safety chain. It’s also a part that can go badly wrong with belayer error or inattention. A good and conscientious belayer can and will save your life if you fall. A bad and inattentive belayer can drop you to the ground. Be a good belayer and expect your climbing partner to be the same.climbing safety chain

7. Step 1: Tie a Single Figure-8 Knot The Figure-8 Follow-Through, also called the Flemish Bend and Figure-8 Trace knot, is the most important knot to learn as a climber. This is the best knot to tie the rope into your harness since it is the strongest climbing knot. It is also easy to check visually to make sure it is tied correctly since each side is a clone of the other. You can tell at a glance if it is tied correctly. Climbers use this essential knot to tie into the end of the rope because it won’t come untied and only gets tighter when the rope is weighted.most important knotstrongest climbing knot

8. Step 2: How to Tie a Figure-8 Follow- Through Knot After tying the first Figure-8, thread the end of the rope through the harness loop between your leg loops and pass it up through the harness tie-in point on the waist belt (same waist loop that the belay loop is attached to). Snug the Figure-8 against the leg loops.harness loop Consult your harness instructions for the exact tie-in points on the climbing harness.climbing harness

9. Step 3: How to Tie a Figure-8 Follow- Through Knot for Climbing Retrace the original Figure-8 with the loose end of the climbing rope, carefully following each part of the original knot. Afterwards tighten and dress the knot by neatening the separate parallel strands and making sure they don’t cross over each other.dress the knot You should have a leftover tail of about 18 inches for tying a backup knot. If you don’t tie a backup knot, make sure you have a floppy tail of at least 12 inches so the knot will not undo under load.

10. After retracing the Figure-8, you should have 15 to 20 inches of rope left. Now you will tie a Fisherman’s Backup knot. This is not a safety knot but a way to keep the original Figure-8 Follow-Through knot tight. The Fisherman’s Backup is the superior backup knot to use because it cinches tight if tied correctly. First make sure you have about 18 free inches of tail left after tying the Figure-8. Wrap the tail rope twice around the climbing rope, then pass the free end through the coils.