1. Work, Political Ideas and Class Formation in the Chilean Textile Industry 1930-1973 Adam Fishwick University of Sussex adf25@sussex.ac.uk

2. Overview Context: Beyond the Estado de Compromiso Workers’ Newspapers: A Note on Methodology Constructing Textile Workers – Grievances from the Factory Floor – Interpreting Discontent – The ‘Anomaly’ of Chilean Socialism – Historical Memory The Working Class and Industrialisation in Chile

3. Labour history in Chile ‘Heroic’ versus the institutionalised phases Limits on institutionalisation of working class struggle and persistence of autonomy Experience of work and the politicisation of grievances, ideas and everyday struggle Beyond the Estado de Compromiso

4. Workers’ Newspapers: A Note on Methodology

5. Representation or formation? Insights into the history of struggles and political moments in working class history Insights into the politicisation of workers and their interests Nexus of representing working class struggle and the contested meanings applied to it

6. Constructing Textile Workers

7. Grievances from the Factory Floor Interpreting Discontent The ‘Anomaly’ of Chilean Socialism Historical Memory

8. Beyond political/economic dichotomy Concerns over wages and work persistent 1930s target employer abuses in early formation of the industry 1940s/1950s shift towards concrete targeting government and foreign firms 1970s supportive of government and pushes for further reforms Grievances from the Factory Floor

9. Legalism and radicalism as interpreting grievances and relations with state and capital 1930s – 1950s sees shift in legalism from supportive of Labour Code to pressure for legal- institutional implementation 1970s strong contrast particularly stark between support for legal gains made in the state and radical factory occupations Interpreting Discontent

10. Anti-imperialism, nationalism and, democracy Anti-imperialism in the industry emerges in the 1940s and consolidated in 1970s Nationalism in a left-wing form supported national industrialists in the 1950s and nationalisation/socialisation in 1970s Democracy begins in 1930s with right to unionise, in 1950s against repression, and 1970s in conflicts over worker participation in production The ‘Anomaly’ of Chilean Socialism

11. Historical Memory Explicit formative role of the workers’ press Applying political-theoretical ideas to struggles – Marx, Lenin etc. National political history – Recabarren, Nitrate Workers, Union History International political struggle – Franco, May Day, Soviet Union

12. Working Class Formation and Contested Industrialisation

13. Shifting grievances reflecting changes in industry and political priorities Continuity of political interpretation Influence of political-ideological context Politicisation and construction of collective historical memory Persistence of radical conflict beyond and beneath the institutions of the working class