1. CHAPTER 6: CELLS P.156-172

2. THE CELL THEORY DETERMINED FROM USING BOTH THE LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPES 1. CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNITS OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN LIVING ORGANISMS 2. ALL CELLS COME FROM PREEXISTING CELLS

3. SCIENTISTS 1. ROBERT HOOKE  NAMED CELLS BY OBSERVING CORK (THE CELL WALL) 2. ROBERT BROWN  OBSERVED THE NUCLEUS 3. M.J.SCHLEIDEN  OBSERVED PLANT CELLS

4. 4. THEODOR SCHWANN  OBSERVED ANIMAL CELLS 5. ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK  OBSERVED MICROORGANISMS UNDER THE FIRST MICROSCOPE 6. RUDOLF VIRCHOW  SAID ALL CELLS COME FROM OTHER CELLS

5. 2 MAIN TYPES OF CELLS  PROKARYOTIC  EUKARYOTIC

6. PROKARYOTIC NO MEMBRANE- BOUND NUCLEUS OR ORGANELLES NUCLEOID AREA FOR CHROMOSOMAL DNA RIBOSOMES CYTOSOL OR CYTOPLASM BACTERIA (KINGDOM MONERA)

7. EUKARYOTIC HAS MEMBRANE- BOUND NUCLEUS WITH ORGANELLES DNA IN NUCLEUS RIBOSOMES CYTOPLASM ANIMAL, PLANT, FUNGI, AND PROTISTA KINGDOMS

8. EUKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURES CELL/PLASMA MEMBRANE ALLOWS MATERIALS TO ENTER AND EXIT THE CELL CELL WALL MADE OF CELLULOSE, IN PLANTS FOR STRUCTURE AND SUPPORT CYTOPLASM/CYTOSOL BETWEEN CELL MEMBRANE AND NUCLEUS, JELLYLIKE MATERIAL FOR CELLULAR METABOLISM

9. NUCLEUS CONTROL CENTER AND ALLOWS FOR CELL REPRODUCTION NUCLEAR MEMBRANE OR ENVELOPE SURROUNDS IT HAS CHROMOSOMES CONTAINING DNA SPHERICAL NUCLEOLUS WHICH MAKES RIBOSOMES WITHIN IT

10. CYTOMEMBRANE SYSTEM ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) IS THE PASSAGEWAY FOR CELLULAR TRANSPORT RIBOSOMES FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS GOLGI APPARATUS TO MAKE VESICLES WITH PACKAGED PROTEINS AND CHEMICALS FOR SECRETION, ALSO FOR CELLULAR STORAGE

11. LYSOSOMES VESICLES FILLED WITH ENZYMES TO DIGEST SUBSTANCES (ANIMAL CELLS ONLY) VACUOLES IN PLANTS FOR CELLULAR STORAGE OF WATER, NUTRIENTS AND ENZYMES CENTRIOLES IN ANIMALS FOR CELL DIVISION (MITOSIS)

12. FLAGELLA/CILIA IN ANIMALS/PROTISTS FOR CELLULAR MOVEMENT CYTOSKELETON MICROFILAMENTS AND MICROTUBULES FOR CELLULAR MOVEMENT AND SHAPE

13. MITOCHONDRIA IN BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS FOR ENERGY (ATP) PRODUCTION CHLOROPLASTS FOUND IN PLANT CELLS FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS

14. ORGANISM ORGANIZATION CELLS  TISSUES  ORGAN  ORGAN SYSTEM  ORGANISM EXAMPLE  HEART CELLS  HEART TISSUE  THE HEART  CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

15. CELL TEST FORMAT 30 POSSIBLE POINTS 17 MULTIPLE CHOICE (WITH 1 DIAGRAM OF PLANT/ANIMAL CELL) 8 ORGANELLE MATCHING 4 SHORT ANSWER (FROM HW) 2 BONUS SHORT ANSWER (FROM HW)