1. PRACTICE Each of the following was an effect of early writing except: A. Ability to record goods brought to temple storehouses. B. Recording of temple prayers for future generations of priests and followers. C. Making wedge shaped marks in soft clay. D. Improved trade between neighboring city-states Why was Hammurabi’s code so important to the Babylonian empire? A. It allowed individuals to gain vengeance against their enemies. B. It provided extra protection to the king and his associates. C. It standardized laws across the empire bringing much needed order and stability. D. It led to improved irrigation and a well-trained army.

2. MORE PRACTICE Which of the following best explains why Mesopotamia was known as the Fertile Crescent? A. The flooding of the rivers deposited silt that created prime agricultural land. B. Villagers were required to build dikes and irrigation ditches to handle flood waters. C. Mesopotamia was a region where people and ideas mingled. D. Stone Age farmers were the first to grow wheat here.

3. WORLD HISTORY What do the following all have in common? List as many shared features as possible.

4. WHAT DOES THIS HAVE TO DO WITH ANYTHING? Dynasty Our examples=a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field Historical definition=A line of hereditary rulers of a country

5. ONCE AGAIN, A BRIEF MOMENT OF GEOGRAPHY What do you notice about the geography of ancient China? Two minutes and discuss with a partner Rivers The Yellow The Yangtze Mountains and deserts Key word=Isolation Nomadic invaders threaten the peace

6. THE SHANG DYNASTY (1650-1122 BCE) Clans-Family groups who controlled most of land Stayed loyal to the Shang Warriors important Land owning nobles Merchants Provide outside goods Not as respected-their money comes from others work Most people? Peasants Work the land for the nobles

7. RELIGIOUS BELIEFS Veneration of ancestors Gods would not listen to mortals High class ancestors could speak to them Eventually other classes as well Through oracle bones- bones used to predict the future Oldest examples of Chinese writing Yin and Yang What is this symbol all about? One minute with a partner

8. YIN AND YANG: HOW MIGHT THIS HAVE INFLUENCED CHINESE CIVILIZATION?

9. THE DYNASTIC CYCLE Explains how ruling families gained/lost power Mandate of Heaven The gods gave ruling family the right to rule Divine right When previous king/dynasty misused/abused power or became ineffective leaders, they had lost this mandate (approval) This gain and loss of the mandate is known as the dynastic cycle

10. CAN YOU GAIN THE MANDATE OF HEAVEN? To better understand how Chinese civilization functioned, we will play a game I like to call Dynasty (patent pending) Objective: Gain the Mandate of Heaven and provide good government to your subjects Keep the principles of harmony and balance How to play: Check your starting position King=ruler (report to front) Ace=Lords-given land by the king (report to front) Jack= soldiers (stand at the back of the room) Face cards=peasants

11. AND NOW, A WORD FROM OUR KING Take one minute to record in your notes: King-statement about what you will do for your people Everybody else-what you hope your king will do for you Be specific Example-build a wall to keep out foreign invaders

12. WHAT WILL YOU DO, YOUR HIGHNESS? King-choose the project/issue you plan to address If you plan to do nothing, explain why Everybody else-are you happy with this decision? Why or why not? King-remember, lords and soldiers are at your disposal; use them as you see fit

13. ISSUE NUMBER ONE An extra long monsoon season washes out half the peasants’ homes and destroys half the kingdom’s crops One minute reaction King-what will you do to address this? Discuss with your lords. Everybody else- what do you want the king to do? Test the mandate? Vote from the peasants/soldiers Roll the dice app Need a six to remove the king New king-answer the question

14. ISSUE NUMBER TWO Foreign invaders stream into the kingdom; hundreds of peasants are killed and taken captive One minute reaction King-what will you do to address this? Discuss with your lords. Everybody else- what do you want the king to do? Test the mandate? Vote from the peasants/soldiers Roll the dice app Need a six to remove the king New king-answer the question

15. ISSUE NUMBER THREE The lords are found to be stealing from the peasantry Foreign invaders stream into the kingdom; hundreds of peasants are killed and taken captive One minute reaction King-what will you do to address this? Discuss with your lords. Everybody else- what do you want the king to do? Test the mandate? Vote from the peasants/soldiers Roll the dice app Need a six to remove the king New king-answer the question

16. GAME OVER After the game, complete the following response questions (complete sentences):  Was your king able to keep the mandate of heaven? For how long? How did this affect the country?  What factors (hint: connect to SPRITE here) caused your king(s) to lose the mandate of heaven?  Could these factors be controlled by the king? Why or why not?  What was life like for you in this game? How were you affected by the factors around you?  How was ancient China affected by the dynastic cycle and the mandate of heaven? Again, connect to SPRITE in your answer (Hint: focus on S, P, R, and E)?

17. CAN YOU GAIN THE MANDATE OF HEAVEN? To better understand how Chinese civilization functioned, we will play a game I like to call Dynasty (patent pending) Objective: Gain the Mandate of Heaven and provide good government to your subjects How to play: Find the other people with your shared number Follow along with the instructions on the screen Keep track of the action and results on your game boards Each player will keep track of this information

18. LET’S PLAY… Have each player in your group roll the dice The following roles will be assigned (highest roll to lowest roll) High roll=King 2 nd and 3 rd highest=Lords (given lands by the King) 4 th and 5 th highest rolls=peasants (work the land given to the lords) Remember the concept of yin and yang All players should strive for harmony and balance throughout the game

19. WORLD HISTORY (9/26) Do Now: Choose the best answer to the following question. Which of the following BEST EXPLAINS the mandate of heaven? A. A balance and harmony between all opposing forces in the universe. B. Honoring one’s ancestors to gain approval from the gods. C. A ruling family that holds power over multiple generations and maintains loyalty to their ancestors. D. The belief that a dynasty was given the divine right to rule

20. MARK IT DOWN Lords-petition your king Which territory do you want and why (grow crops or raise herds of animals?) What can you offer your king in return (amount of tribute paid to king)? On your game boards, mark the boundaries of the lord’s territory Response (complete sentences for all responses) Lords-Why did you want this territory? Peasants-For which lord do you want to work ? Why? King-Why did you grant the lords the land you did?

21. ROUNDS ONE AND TWO: ROLL THE DICE King-Which of these projects would you like to address? Peasants wish to have own land Defensive walls need to be erected/repaired Canals, irrigation systems, and roads need to be built Any changes made should be reflected on game boards Example: boundaries of new territory Roll the dice: 5 or 6-project addressed throughout all territory 3 or 4-project addressed in half of territory (king may choose) 1 or 2-project not addressed Reaction: Are you pleased with the performance of your king? If yes, explain why and continue to round two If no, explain why and decide if you want to test the mandate of heaven Dice roll- 5/6: king has lost the mandate of heaven Both lords now roll to see who will become next king (highest roll wins) Peasants-you may roll to see if you can become a lord (territory to be assigned by new king); must roll higher than the lords roll to move up to their vacated position Old king-any territory/role will be assigned by new king (you may lobby them for land or other considerations) Dice roll-3/4: uncertainty with mandate; need to build consensus with other lords/peasants and roll again Dice roll-1/2: king keeps the mandate of heaven

22. ROUNDS THREE AND FOUR: PROBLEMS King: How will you handle these problems? 6=flood 5=earthquake 4=famine 3=peasant revolt 2=invasion 1=invasion Problems should be reflected on game boards Show where flood, earthquake, famine, etc. occurred (choose own symbols for these) Response: King: What do you plan to do to solve this issue? How can you prove you still have the mandate of heaven? Lords/peasants: How are you affected by the problem? Do you want to challenge the mandate (same process as rounds one and two-see below)? Dice roll- 5/6: king has lost the mandate of heaven Both lords now roll to see who will become next king (highest roll wins) Peasants-you may roll to see if you can become a lord (territory to be assigned by new king); must roll higher than the lords roll to move up to their vacated position Old king-any territory/role will be assigned by new king (you may lobby them for land or other considerations) Dice roll-3/4: uncertainty with mandate; need to build consensus with other lords/peasants and roll again Dice roll-1/2: king keeps the mandate of heaven

23. WHEN YOU HAVE FINISHED THE TEST Read chapter 4 section 1 (pp. 78-82) Answer questions 3- 5 on pg. 82