1. Lenses The Art of Focus

2. Compound Lens Diagram A lens is made up of multiple lenses

3. Two Basic Types of Lenes Converging lens gathers light Diverging lens scatters light

4. Types of Single Lenses Biconvex (double convex) Plano Convex Convexconcave Meniscus Planoconcave Biconcave (double convave)

5. Double Convex Lens Converging lens gathers light Center “bloated” A convex lens is one in which the center is wider than the ends

6. Double Concave Lens Diverging lens scatters light Center “caved-in” A concave lens is wider at the edges than at the middle Concave lenses are primarily used in eyeglasses for people who are nearsighted

7. Focal Length Ultra wide angle is less than 20mm long Wide angle is 24mm to 45mm long “Normal” (for 35 mm film) is 50mm long Short telephoto is between 55mm & 135mm Long telephoto is between 200mm & 300mm Ultra long telephoto is over 400 mm long Macro lenses come in varying focal lengths “Fisheye” lenses are Ultra wide angle lenses

8. Wide Angles Emphasis on foreground

9. 15 mm Fisheye Ultra Wide Angle Lens

10. 24 mm Wide Angle

11. 35 mm

12. Normal What the eye sees 35 mm film standard

13. “Normal” Lens 50 mm Normal for 35mm negative What the human eye sees

14. Telephotos Emphasis on background Squishes depth together Makes things look closer

15. Short Telephoto 135 mm

16. Short Telephoto 200 mm

17. Long Telephoto 300 mm

18. Super Long Telephoto 400 mm

19. Super Long Telephoto 600 mm

20. Zooms Older (1960-70s) lenses have “soft spots” that do not focus Zoom lenses have variable focal lengths –Ultra Wide Angle –Wide angle –Mid-range –Long

21. Wide Zoom 20-35 mm 17-35 mm

22. Midrange Zoom 28 - 80 mm

23. Long Midrange Zoom 55 - 200 mm

24. Long Zoom 100 - 400 mm

25. Macro Close-up lens Very shallow depth-of-field

26. Macro Lens 100 mm 105 mm

27. 24mm 50mm 85mm 200mm Basic Focal Lengths