1. Cultural & Economic Changes in the Early 1800s

2. Education: “Crusade against ignorance” http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~wioconto/FrostvilleSchoolHouseWIChrisPacettiColl.jpg Jefferson believed in nationwide public schools Wanted all male citizens to have free education Not achieved

3. Education: Girls Republican motherhood led to girls schools for the wealthy Few strides for most http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_473nrD5vEv8/SKQZFrchClI/AAAAAAAAAtQ/1W2GoeabaBA/s400/one-room-school.jpg

4. Education: Minorities Indians seen as “noble savages” which missionaries could convert Blacks – no education for slaves; few opportunities in the north (or segregated) http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/61/71161-004-7BB5CB33.jpg

5. Education: Higher level Increase in number of colleges by 1800 Limited to the wealthy http://www.ushistory.org/carpentershall/history/images/williams5.jpg

6. Cultural Independence: American literary and artistic life American Schoolbooks textbooks Noah Webster’s English dictionary http://www.merrycoz.org/books/spelling/pages/amer000.jpg http://1828.mshaffer.com/images/noah_webster_dictionary_1828_small.jpg

7. Cultural Independence: American literary and artistic life National Literature Washington Irving Romanticism Landscape paintings; emphasis on the supernatural http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/images/c0/c3423.jpg

8. Emergence of Industrialism Samuel Slater –water powered spinning mill, 1793 http://invention.smithsonian.org/centerpieces/whole_cloth/u2ei/u2images/tea_essay/Slatermill.jpg

9. New England Textile Centers: 1830s

10. Lowell Girls What was their typical “profile?”

11. Lowell Boarding Houses Why did the Lowell system die out?

12. Communication Innovations Samuel Morse’s telegraph Daily newspapers An improved postal system

13. Transportation Innovations Improved transportation between states Age of turnpikes, canals, and steamboats Robert Fulton – steamboat – The Clermont Erie Canal connected the Great Lakes to NYC

14. Cumberland (National Road), 1811-1836

15. Erie Canal System

16. Agricultural Inventions Oliver Evans’ flour mill Eli Whitney’s cotton gin - led to increased slavery & sectionalism The steel plow and mechanical reaper also transformed farming http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/12700/12718/cottongin_12718_md.gif http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Cotton_gin_harpers.jpg

17. Rising Cities Majority of Americans lived on farms and plantations, but there were signs of change Philadelphia, NYC, Baltimore, Boston, Charleston Affluence & social ills http://z.about.com/d/history1800s/1/0/P/2/-/-/Pearl-Chatham1861.jpg

18. Do these changes promote nationalism or sectionalism?