2. Did you know??? One of the most popular rivers in northeast Ohio. One of the most popular rivers in northeast Ohio. Has 112,144 acres and 664 stream miles. Has 112,144 acres and 664 stream miles. 500 active farms. 500 active farms. Includes the Cleveland Hopkins International Airport Includes the Cleveland Hopkins International Airport Of the 92.3 miles tested, 48% were good, 40% were fair, and 12% were poor. Of the 92.3 miles tested, 48% were good, 40% were fair, and 12% were poor. Cleveland Lake Erie Medina

4. Hypothesis #1 Land use affects surface water quality, specifically the QHEI.

5. Land Use and QHEI 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 600108160010976002098600408160040976005092600609260080816008097600909260100816010097700209270030817003097700408270040927004097 Place and Time Index Value 0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% 70.00% Av_QHEI Ag Forest

6. Hypothesis #2  As QHEI increases IBI (fish population) should increase

7. 50 60 70 80 60010816001097600209860040816004097600509260060926008081600809760090926010081601009770020927003081 700408270040927004097 Place & Time Index Value Av_IBI Av_QHEI

8. Hypothesis #3 As Urban areas increase, COD should increase, and the IBI should decrease. As Urban areas increase, COD should increase, and the IBI should decrease.

9. Effect of Urban Development on COD Hi 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 600108160040816008081601008170030817004082600109260050926008092601009270030926002093700409760040976007097600909770020976002098 place-time ppm 0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% COD Hi Urban

10. Effect of COD Hi on Average IBI 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 600108160010976002098600408160040976005092600609260080816008097600909260100816010097700209270030817003097700408270040927004097 Place-Time ppm 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 COD Hi Av_IBI

11. Another Source of Impairment Ammonia

12. Ammonia Total VS. Average IBI 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 600108160010976002098600408160040976005092600609260080816008097600909260100816010097700209270030817003097700408270040927004097 Place and Time ppm Ammonia Total Av_IBI As ammonia levels increase, IBI should decrease.

13. Possible Causes of Impairment Nutrient Enrichment: Caused by Urban septic tanks, sewage problems, and storm sewer runoff. Nutrient Enrichment: Caused by Urban septic tanks, sewage problems, and storm sewer runoff. Ammonia: Caused by deicing planes at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport. Ammonia: Caused by deicing planes at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport. Pathogens: Caused by septic tank seepage. Pathogens: Caused by septic tank seepage.

14. What can be done to improve the Rocky River Watershed? Monitor sewage and storm sewer pipes that run into the stream, look for ways to control polluted run-off. Monitor sewage and storm sewer pipes that run into the stream, look for ways to control polluted run-off. Construct a larger buffer zone around airport runways to redirect ammonia run-off. Construct a larger buffer zone around airport runways to redirect ammonia run-off. Farmers can put into place conservation practices Farmers can put into place conservation practices What can you do? Don’t dump materials down storm drains Don’t dump materials down storm drains Wash cars at the car wash Wash cars at the car wash Clean up chemical spills (oil, paint, fertilizer) Clean up chemical spills (oil, paint, fertilizer) before they enter the water system

15. OSC Staff *Steve, Shannon, Leslie, Kathryn YWSI Staff and Teachers *Paula, Virgine Laura Kramer Our Chaperones *SAHAJA and ANNE Our Parents THANKS FOR ALL OF YOUR TIME AND HELP!!! Thank You So Much!