1. 10/16 Objective: What are the properties of carbohydrates? * Chapter 5: The Molecules of Life Do Now: What is a small molecular unit called? A chain of repeating units?

2. Carbohydrates carbohydrate: organic compound made up of sugar molecules Sugars contain C,H,O

3. Type of Sugar: Monosaccharides monosaccharide: simple sugar that contains just one sugar unit –Glucose, fructose Ex: glucose: –Used to make energy in cells

4. Type of Sugar: Disaccharides disaccharide: “double sugar”; two monosaccharides combined by dehydration synthesis Ex: sucrose: most common; made of glucose and fructose –Ex: Table sugar Ex: Lactose (glucose + galactose)

5. Polysaccharides polysaccharide: long polymer chains made up of simple sugar molecules –Complex carbohydrates (starch)

6. Examples of Polysaccharides starch: found in plant cells and consists entirely of glucose monomers

7. Examples of Polysaccharides glycogen: found in animals that act as a storage for excess sugar –Chain of many glucose monomers –In humans, most glycogen is stored in liver and muscle cells and break down when the body needs energy

8. Cellulose cellulose: protect plant cells and stiffens plant –Many glucose monomers –AKA: FIBER