2. Getting to California Highlight in your Reading Quiz Notes “flexible response” Green Berets Peace Corps Space Race Apollo Program Berlin Wall Ch 23-2: JFK and the Cold War

3. Intro 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Textbook Assignment (pp.724-727) 1)Why did President Kennedy feel that the military needed a more “flexible response” and how did he plan on providing it? 2)When did President Kennedy think that man could get to the moon, and why was it so important to him that America did it first? 3)What was the purpose of the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961 and why did it fail? 4)Why did East Germany build the Berlin Wall in 1961? Section 2: JFK and the Cold War

4. Intro 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Chapter Objectives Section 2: JFK and the Cold War Describe Kennedy’s plan for the armed forces. Explain how the Cold War influenced foreign aid and the space program.

5. Section 2-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Guide to Reading As president, John F. Kennedy had to confront the challenges and fears of the Cold War.  flexible response Main Idea Key Terms and Names Peace Corps space race Berlin Wall

6. Section 2-4 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

7. Section 2-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy Confronts Global Challenges Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. As President Kennedy entered the White House, the nation’s rivalry with the Soviet Union deepened. Kennedy felt that Eisenhower had relied too heavily on nuclear weapons. Instead, Kennedy supported a “flexible response” where he asked for a buildup of conventional troops and weapons. (pages 724–726)

8. Section 2-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy Confronts Global Challenges Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy also supported the Special Forces, a small army unit established in the 1950s to wage guerrilla warfare. (pages 724–726)

9. Section 2-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy Confronts Global Challenges To improve Latin American relations, Kennedy proposed the Alliance for Progress, a series of cooperative aid projects with Latin American governments. Over a 10-year period, $20 billion was promised to aid Latin America. In Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, and the Central American republics, real reform took place. (pages 724–726) In other countries, the governing rulers used the money to remain in power.

10. Section 2-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy Confronts Global Challenges The Peace Corps, created to help less developed nations fight poverty, trained young Americans to spend two years assisting in a country. (pages 724–726)

11. Section 2-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy Confronts Global Challenges The Peace Corps is still active today and has become one of Kennedy’s most important and withstanding legacies. (pages 724–726)

12. FYI 2-1a Since the Peace Corps was established in1961, over 160,000 volunteers have served in 135 countries. Volunteer sectors include education, environment, health, business, and agriculture. In 2001 there were 7,300 Peace Corps volunteers serving in 72 countries.

13. Section 2-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy Confronts Global Challenges During this time of increased tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, the two countries engaged in a space race. (pages 724–726)

14. Section 2-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy Confronts Global Challenges Kennedy wanted Americans to be the first to reach the moon. (Speech given at Rice University – 1962) (pages 724–726) Podium now on display at Johnson Space Center

15. Section 2-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Kennedy Confronts Global Challenges (pages 724–726) On July 20, 1969, Neal Armstrong became the first human being to walk on the moon.

16. FYI 2-2b The names of the early manned space programs, Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo, were based on mythology. In Roman mythology, for example, Mercury was the messenger of the gods. In Greek mythology, Apollo carried the sun across the sky in his chariot each day.

17. Section 2-11 After meeting with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, Kennedy refused to recognize East Germany or to have the United States–along with Great Britain and France–withdraw from Berlin. Crises of the Cold War (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 726–728)

18. Section 2-12 The Soviet leader retaliated by constructing a wall through Berlin, stopping movement between the Soviet sector and the rest of the city. Crises of the Cold War (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 726–728)

19. Section 2-12 For the next 30 years, the Berlin Wall symbolized the Cold War division between East and West. Crises of the Cold War (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 726–728)

20. Section 2-12 Crises of the Cold War (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 726–728)

21. Section 2-12 Crises of the Cold War (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 726–728)

22. Section 2-12 Crises of the Cold War (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 726–728)

23. You Don’t Say 2-1 Proud Words Almost two years after the Berlin Wall was built, President Kennedy paid tribute to the spirit of Berliners when he spoke to a crowd gathered near the wall. He said, “All free men, wherever they may live, are citizens of Berlin. And, therefore, as a free man, I take pride in the words ‘Ich bin ein Berliner’ (I am a Berliner).” Kennedy is a Jelly Doughnut?

24. End of Slide Show