1. Bone Fractures
Anatomy & Physiology

2. Statistics Fractures of extremities (limbs) most common
More common in:
Men up to 45 years old
Women over 45 years old
Most common fractures:
Before age 75: wrist
After age 75: hip

3. Types of Fractures
Depends on magnitude and direction of force

4. Fractures can be:
Closed/Simple
-Bone fragments do not pierce skin
Open/compound
-Bone fragments pierce skin

5. Displaced Non-displaced Fractures can be:
-Bone out of normal alignment
Non-displaced
-Bone within normal alignment

6. Complete Incomplete Fractures can be:
Fracture goes all the way through
Incomplete
Fracture goes through only part of bone

7. Common Fracture Types
Transverse Fracture
Bone breaks straight across

8. Common Fracture Types
Oblique Fracture
Bone breaks at an angle

9. Common Fracture Types Spiral Fracture Break spirals around the bone
Occurs when bone is twisted

10. Common Fracture Types Compression Fracture
Vertebrae in spinal column are pushed together

11. Common Fracture Types Greenstick Fracture
Breaks similar to how a green twig would break
Common in children- bones are more flexible
Bone bends and breaks incompletely

12. Common Fracture Types Comminuted Fracture
Bone shatters into at least three bone fragments

13. Common Fracture Types Impacted fracture
Force presses against both ends; pushes broken ends together

14. Common Fracture Types Stress fracture
Small crack in bone caused by overuse or repetitive motion

15. Ms Clark’s Elbow