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Note Taker Needed If interested, contact Marina Lares in LI 105 Phone 848-4891 or email mlares@gavilan.edu This volunteer service will look great on your resume and college applications. At the end of the semester you will receive a verification of service letter along with a wall certificate. You will experience the satisfaction of knowing that you are doing something of great benefit for a fellow student. The student also has the option to enroll in our Guidance 22 class, for 1.0 unit of transferable credit (He/She is responsible for registration fees). As an incentive, students can choose to use a really nice NCR carbon notebook.
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Lecture One The Sociological Perspective on Race & Ethnicity
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Hasn’t Race Always Mattered? Primordial Explanations: race and ethnic identity is essential Innate and unchangeable Rooted in basic human nature Situational (social constructionist) Explanations: Socially constructed and based on the structure and dynamics of societies Evolving and changing
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Race Race: categorizing people or groups based on phenotypical differences – skin color, hair, etc. Not correlated to genotypical differences Variability of Racial Distinctions Across time and space Religious National Linguistic
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Ethnicity Ethnicity: defines individuals who consider themselves, or are considered by others, to share common characteristics which differentiate them other groups in society— distinct cultural behavior is formed Ethnocentrism: judge one’s culture to be superior to others
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Race as Myth Categories of race and ethnicity emerge out of social processes – they are not natural Differences are given meaning the differences that are meaningful are social emergents Race is a social construct classifications of reality that are agreed upon or accepted
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Race and the US Census In 1997 people could mark one or more racial category on US Census In 2000 Census: 97.6% said one race and 2.4% said two or more Self-fulfilling Prophecy: falsely defined situation, but because it is believed to be true, produces behavior that makes it true
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The Racial Draft
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Race as a Reality Systems of Power: race, gender, class (and sexuality) are mechanisms through which power is exercised in society and some lives are valued more than others Matrix of Domination: social structure is made up of multiple interlocking levels of domination Intersectionality of race, class, and gender
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Oppression The experience of oppressed people is that the living of one's life is confined and shaped by forces and barriers which are not accidental or occasional and hence avoidable…(pg.45)
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Reality of Oppression Oppression: systematic forces and barriers that negatively affect the opportunities and resources for specific social groups in society Interpersonal/Individual Prejudice and Discrimination Internalized Racism Cultural/Symbolic Ideology Stereotypes “Dominant Culture” Institutional/Systematic Operates above & beyond individuals
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Intersectionality We cannot understand the lives of individuals of social groups without looking at the intersection of: Race, Class, Gender,Sexuality Others? Draw your own birdcage: What are the wires in your birdcage? How do you “see” those wires?
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Conclusion: Race is both a myth and a reality Socially constructed Structural realities Race is based in physical characteristics and Ethnicity is based on cultural characteristics We can’t examine race/ethnicity without examine other forms of oppression in society
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