1. The Endocrine System Unit 8

2. The Endocrine System An endocrinologist studies the endocrine system Anatomy: glands and ducts Physiology: regulate the growth and activity of the body

3. Hormones The glands of the endocrine system release hormones which are chemical messages sent through the blood stream to target tissues. They are made of proteins or lipids.

4. Glands Hypothalamus: integrates the nervous and endocrine systems Posterior Pituitary: secretes oxytocin (uterine contractions) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH, water/salt balance) Anterior Pituitary: growth hormones, LH & FSH (reproduction)

5. Glands Thyroid gland: regulates metabolism and calcium in the blood Parathyroid: calcium in the blood Pancreas: insulin and glucagon (blood sugar) Adrenal Glands: epinephrine and norepinephrine (increase metabolism); steroids that regulate blood

6. Glands Testes: androgens (steroids for sperm and male sex characteristics) Ovaries: estrogen and progesterone (menstruation, pregnancy, and female sex characteristics) Pineal gland: melatonin (sleep cycles)

7. Hormones Human growth hormone (hGH): pituitary, bone and muscle growth Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH): pituitary, egg development Luteinizing Hormone (LH): pituitary, egg release Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH): hypothalamus, water balance Parathyroid hormone (PTH): parathyroid, blood calcium levels

8. Hormones Epinephrine: kidney, increase ATP Insulin: pancreas, blood sugar Estrogen: ovaries, egg and 2° sex characteristics Testosterone: testis, sperm and 2° sex characteristics

9. Homeostasis The endocrine system works with the rest of the systems to help the body maintain homeostasis, such as: Skin: hair color and growth Nervous: body control Cardiovascular: blood pressure Digestive: appetite Urinary: water balance

10. Unit 8 Disease and Disorder Chart NameCauseSymptomsSusceptibilityTreatmentPrognosis Dwarfism Gigantism Diabetes Hypothyroidism Graves Disease Goiter Cushing’s Syndrome Addison’s Disease PTSD Hirsutism Cholera Aging

11. Unit 8 Project Photography, Individual 1. Select a theme for your photography project that integrates the anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system. Take 3-5 photos that display this theme. Either print them or email them to me by the start of our next class. 2. Write a 4 paragraph essay: – The anatomy of the Endocrine System – The physiology of Endocrine System – How the endocrine system contributes to homeostasis – How YOUR project shows the structure and function of the endocrine system 3. Extra credit is available for those who choose to present.