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Wscomp05 - 1 An Approach for the Automated Composition of BPEL Processes Annapaola Marconi ITC–irst / University of Trento Joint work.

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Presentation on theme: "Wscomp05 - 1 An Approach for the Automated Composition of BPEL Processes Annapaola Marconi ITC–irst / University of Trento Joint work."— Presentation transcript:

1 wscomp05 - 1 An Approach for the Automated Composition of BPEL Processes Annapaola Marconi ITC–irst / University of Trento marconi@irst.itc.it Joint work with: P. Bertoli, M. Pistore and P. Traverso wscomps05 – Compiegne -19 September 2005

2 wscomp05 - 2 Outline Web Service composition Our automated composition framework Experimental evaluation Conclusions

3 wscomp05 - 3 Web Service Composition End user New Executable Composite Process Combine existing services, available on the Web, to define higher level functionalities. Web Service Protocols reqs...

4 wscomp05 - 4 Web Service Composition Combine existing services, available on the Web, to define higher level functionalities. End user New Executable Composite Process Web Service Protocols... CUSTOMER FLIGHT HOTEL VIRTUAL TRAVEL AGENCY

5 wscomp05 - 5 Automated Web Service Composition Component Web Services Composition requirements AUTOMATED COMPOSITION Executable Composite Service The main idea: o Exploit and extend advanced planning techniques to support the automated composition of composite web services planning goal planning domain Plan Planning

6 wscomp05 - 6 Automated Web Service Composition The planning challenges: o Non-atomic services (complex control flow), nondeterministic domain request (Time, Loc) offer(Time, Cost) cancel FLIGHT register (UserID) confirm ok invalid not-avail

7 wscomp05 - 7 Automated Web Service Composition The planning challenges: o Non-atomic services (complex control flow), nondeterministic domain o Managing exchanged data (complex data flow)

8 wscomp05 - 8 Automated Web Service Composition The planning challenges: o Non-atomic services (complex control flow), nondeterministic domain o Managing exchanged data (complex data flow)

9 wscomp05 - 9 Automated Web Service Composition The planning challenges: o Non-atomic services (complex control flow), nondeterministic domain o Managing exchanged data (complex data flow)

10 wscomp05 - 10 Automated Web Service Composition The planning challenges: o Non-atomic services (complex control flow), nondeterministic domain o Managing exchanged data (complex data flow)

11 wscomp05 - 11 Automated Web Service Composition The planning challenges: o Non-atomic services (complex control flow), nondeterministic domain o Data modeling and reasoning, complex data flow o Complex composition requirements: temporal + preferences try to “sell holiday packages” upon failure, do “never a single commit”

12 wscomp05 - 12 Automated Web Service Composition The planning challenges: o Non-atomic services (complex control flow), nondeterministic domain o Data modeling and reasoning, complex data flow o Complex composition requirements: temporal + preferences try to “sell holiday packages” upon failure, do “never a single commit”

13 wscomp05 - 13 Automated Web Service Composition The planning challenges: o Non-atomic services (complex control flow), nondeterministic domain o Data modeling and reasoning, complex data flow o Complex composition requirements: temporal + preferences try to “sell holiday packages” upon failure, do “never a single commit”

14 wscomp05 - 14 Outline Web Service composition Our automated composition framework Experimental evaluation Conclusions

15 wscomp05 - 15 State Transition Systems WS2STS Σ W1 Σ Wn.. Our service composition framework AUTOMATED COMPOSITION Executable Composite Service ρ Σ || W STS2WS Σ C Planning domain Synthesized plan Component Web Services.. W1 Wn Component services: abstract BPEL4WS + semantic annotations Composite service: executable BPEL4WS Composition requirements: EaGLe requirements language Composition requirements

16 wscomp05 - 16 Abstract BPEL4WS + Semantic Annotations BPEL4WS: complete and detailed description of the WS protocol Automated composition task: needs a semantic description of the interactions Semantic annotations: o define the outcome of the interaction

17 wscomp05 - 17 Abstract BPEL4WS + Semantic Annotations BPEL4WS: complete and detailed description of the WS protocol Automated composition task: needs a semantic description of the interactions Semantic annotations: o define the outcome of the interaction o add semantic relations among the exchanged data

18 wscomp05 - 18 Abstract BPEL4WS + Semantic Annotations BPEL4WS: complete and detailed description of the WS protocol Automated composition task: needs a semantic description of the interactions Semantic annotations: o define the outcome of the interaction o add semantic relations among the exchanged data

19 wscomp05 - 19 EaGLe requirements language EaGle (Dal Lago, Pistore, Traverso 2002) o a language for temporally extended planning goals in non-deterministic domains o many similarities with CTL o + recovery conditions, second-preference goals

20 wscomp05 - 20 EaGLe requirements language try to “sell holiday packages” upon failure, do “never a single commit” TryReach C.booked  H.booked  F.booked  C.cost = F.costOf(C.time, C.loc) + H.costOf(F.time, C.loc) Fail DoReach C.not_booked  H.not_booked  F.not_booked EaGLe formalization

21 wscomp05 - 21 State Transition Systems WS2STS Σ W1 Σ Wn.. Our service composition framework AUTOMATED COMPOSITION Executable Composite Service ρ Σ || W STS2WS Σ C Planning domain Synthesized plan Component Web Services.. W1 Wn Component services: abstract BPEL4WS processes Composite service: executable BPEL4WS process Composition requirements: EaGLe requirements language Composition requirements

22 wscomp05 - 22 Our service composition framework AUTOMATED COMPOSITION Σ || STS2WS Σ C Planning domain Synthesized plan Component Web Services.. W1 Wn WS2STS Σ W1 Σ Wn.. State Transition Systems WS2STS – from web services to formal models: o support all BPEL4WS basic and structured activities o !!! deal with DATA (knowledge level planning) Composition requirements ρ Executable Composite Service W

23 wscomp05 - 23 Knowledge Level Planning Reasoning on the data values exchanged by the web services participating to the composition Remark: neither actual data values nor actual definition of functions are important! Key challenge: define a suitable knowledge base s.t.: o KL models can be automatically extracted from BPEL processes o automated composition can be done for a relevant set of realistic problems o composite BPEL process can be automatically extracted from the plan o efficient composition

24 wscomp05 - 24 Knowledge Level Planning Knowledge Base Propositions: o KV(x) “we know the value of x” o K(x = y) “we know that x and y have the same value” o K(x = f (y 1,.., y n )) “we know that x has the value of f applied to y 1,.., y n ” where x, y, y 1,.., y n are BPEL variables and f is a user defined function. Knowledge Base Actions: o del (KB, p 1,.., p n ) is the knowledge base KB \ {p 1,.., p n } o add (KB, p 1,.., p n ) is the knowledge base KB U {p 1,.., p n } o close (KB) is the knowledge base containing all propositions that can be deduced from the propositions in KB

25 wscomp05 - 25 Knowledge Level Planning KB evolution: a simple example Suppose that: o r, v, z : Request and o, w : Offer are BPEL variables o costOf(Request, Offer) is a BPEL function (of the Hotel WS) o KB 0 = { KV(v), K(r = z)} is the ‘current’ knowledge base Are executed the following actions: o request (r  v) o o : = costOf (r) o offer(o  w)

26 wscomp05 - 26 Knowledge Level Planning KB evolution: a simple example request(r  v) on KB 0 preconditions: o KV(v) effects: o KB’ 0 = del (KB 0,..all props on r) = { KV(v) } o KB’’ 0 = add (KB’0, K(r = v)) = { KV(v), K(r = v)} o KB 1 = close (KB’’ 0 ) = { KV(v), K(r = v), KV(r)} KB 0 = { KV(v), K(r = z)}

27 wscomp05 - 27 Knowledge Level Planning KB evolution: a simple example o := costOf(r) on KB 1 preconditions: o none effects: o KB’ 1 = del (KB 1,..all props on o) = { KV(v), K(r=v), KV(r) } o KB’’ 1 = add (KB’ 1, K(o = costOf(r))) = { KV(v), K(r=v), KV(r), K(o=costOf(r))} o KB 2 = close (KB’’ 1 ) = { KV(v), K(r=v), KV(r), K(o=costOf(r)), K(o=costOf(v))} KB 1 = {KV(v), K(r = v), KV(r)}

28 wscomp05 - 28 Knowledge Level Planning KB evolution: a simple example offer(o  w) on KB 2 preconditions: o none effects: o KB’ 2 = del (KB 2,..all props on w..) = { KV(v), K(r=v), KV(r), K(o=costOf(r)), K(o=costOf(v)) } o KB’’ 2 = add (KB’ 2, K(w = o), KV(w)) = { KV(v), K(r=v), KV(r), K(o=costOf(r)), K(o=costOf(v)), K(w=o), KV(w)} o KB 3 = close (KB’’ 3 ) = { KV(v), K(r=v), KV(r), K(o=costOf(r)), K(o=costOf(v)), K(w=o), KV(w), KV(o), K(w=costOf(r), K(w=costOf(v)} KB 2 = {KV(v), K(r = v), KV(r), K(o=costOf(r)), K(o=costOf(v))}

29 wscomp05 - 29 Our service composition framework AUTOMATED COMPOSITION Σ || STS2WS Σ C Planning domain Synthesized plan Component Web Services.. W1 Wn WS2STS Σ W1 Σ Wn.. State Transition Systems WS2STS – from web services to formal models: o support all BPEL4WS basic and structured activities o !!! deal with DATA (knowledge level planning) Composition requirements ρ Executable Composite Service W

30 wscomp05 - 30 Our service composition framework AUTOMATED COMPOSITION STS2WS Σ C Synthesized plan Component Web Services.. W1 Wn WS2STS Σ W1 Σ Wn.. State Transition Systems Obtaining the planning domain: o Σ ║ is a STS representing all the possible behaviors of the component services Composition requirements ρ Executable Composite Service W Σ || Planning domain

31 wscomp05 - 31 Our service composition framework AUTOMATED COMPOSITION STS2WS Σ C Component Web Services.. W1 Wn WS2STS Σ W1 Σ Wn.. State Transition Systems Composition requirements ρ Executable Composite Service W Σ || Planning domain Synthesizing the plan: o Planning via Symbolic Model Checking (MBP Planner - NuSMV) Synthesized plan

32 wscomp05 - 32 Our service composition framework Composition requirements AUTOMATED COMPOSITION Executable Composite Service ρ Σ || W STS2WS Σ C Planning domain Synthesized plan Component Web Services.. W1 Wn WS2STS Σ W1 Σ Wn.. State Transition Systems STS2WS – Obtaining the executable composite process: o ready for deployment and run o particular care to code quality

33 wscomp05 - 33 Outline Web Service composition Our automated composition framework Experimental evaluation Conclusions

34 wscomp05 - 34 Experiment set 1: Atomic WS Composition

35 wscomp05 - 35 Experiment set 2: More complex WS Composition

36 wscomp05 - 36 Experimenting with realistic applications Number of ComponentsComposition Time H&F H&F&C 3434 9.4 secs 75.0 secs WMO1 WMO2 WMO3 555555 219.1 secs 221.7 secs 295.5 secs On the H&F problem: o Time: automated composition: 10 secs manual coding: 1 hour o Quality automated composition: 22K bytes manual coding: 11K bytes

37 wscomp05 - 37 Outline Web Service composition Our automated composition framework Experimental evaluation Conclusions

38 wscomp05 - 38 Conclusions The proposed composition framework has been implemented within the ASTRO toolset: http://astroproject.org

39 wscomp05 - 39 Conclusions The proposed composition framework has been implemented within the ASTRO toolset: http://astroproject.org ASTRO toolset supports:.. of composite business processes AUTOMATED COMPOSITION FORMAL VERIFICATION RUN-TIME MONITORING

40 wscomp05 - 40 Some publications Planning Framework for Web Service Composition o M. Pistore, P. Traverso, P. Bertoli Automated Composition of Web Services by Planning in Asynchronous Domains International Conference on Automated and Planning Sheduling (ICAPS) 2005 Managing exchanged data o M. Pistore, A. Marconi, P. Bertoli, P. Traverso Automated Composition of Web Services by Planning at the Knowledge Level International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) 2005 Semantic Web Service Composition o P. Traverso, M. Pistore Automatic Composition of Semantic Web Services into Executable Processes International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC) 2004 Composition Verification o R. Kazhamiakin, M. Pistore A Parametric Communication Model for the Verification of BPEL4WS Compositions 2nd International Workshop on Web Services and Formal Methods (WS-FM) 2005 http://astroproject.org

41 wscomp05 - 41 Q Q A A & & An Approach for the Automated Composition of BPEL Processes

42 wscomp05 - 42 COMPOSITE WS VERIFICATION o R. Kazhamiakin, M. Pistore A Parametric Communication Model for the Verification of BPEL4WS Compositions 2nd International Workshop on Web Services and Formal Methods (WS-FM) 2005 o R. Kazhamiakin, M. Pistore, M. Roveri A framework for integrating Business Processes and Business Requirements 9th International IEEE Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC) 2004 o M. Pistore, M. Roveri, P. Busetta Requirements-Driven Verification of Web Services 1st International Workshop on Web Services and Formal Methods (WS-FM) 2004 o R. Kazhamiakin, M. Pistore, M. Roveri Formal Verification of requirements using SPIN: A Case Study on Web Services 3rd IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (SEFM) 2004

43 wscomp05 - 43 SERVICE SYNTHESIS AND COMPOSITION o M. Pistore, A. Marconi, P. Bertoli, P. Traverso Automated Composition of Web Services by Planning at the Knowledge Level International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) 2005 o M. Pistore, P. Traverso, P. Bertoli, A. Marconi Automated Synthesis of Composite BPEL4WS Web Services 3rd IEEE International Conference on Web Services 2005 o M. Pistore, P. Traverso, P. Bertoli, A. Marconi Automated Synthesis of Executable Web Serivce Compositions from BPEL4WS Processes Poster presentation at the International World Wide Web Conference (WWW) 2005 o M. Pistore, P. Traverso, P. Bertoli Automated Composition of Web Service by Planning in Asynchronous Domains International Conference on Automated and Planning Sheduling (ICAPS) 2005 o M. Pistore, F. Barbon, P. Bertoli, D. Shaparau, P. Traverso Planning and Monitoring Web Service Composition Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, Application (AIMSA) 2004 Also: ICAPS'04 Workshop on Planning and Scheduling for Web and Grid Services

44 wscomp05 - 44 SEMANTIC WEB SERVICES o M. Pistore, P. Roberti, P. Traverso Process-Level Composition of Executable Web Services: "On-the-fly" Versus "Once-for-all" Composition European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC) 2005 o P. Traverso, M. Pistore Automatic Composition of Semantic Web Services into Executable Processes International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC) 2004

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