1. Classification Organisms are grouped together in biology to:
show closely related groups
identify organisms
The science of classifying living things is called taxonomy.

2. Classification, cont’d
Classifications are based upon:
Appearance and structure
Development and biochemistry
Likely common ancestry

3. Classification, cont’d
There are 7 levels in taxonomy:
Kingdom – largest grouping of living things
Phylum – largest grouping within a kingdom
Class – largest grouping within a phylum
Order – largest grouping within a class
Family – largest grouping within an order
Genus – largest grouping within a family
Species – largest grouping within a genus

4. Memory Aid
To aid in your memory of the 7 levels, use one of the following sayings:
Keep People Clear Of Fast Great Sharks
King Phillip Came Over For Great Spaghetti

5. Classification Example
Level
Human
Killer Whale
Kingdom
Animal
Phylum
Chordata
Class
Mammalia
Order
Primates
Cetacea
Family
Hominidae
Delphinidae
Genus
Homo
Orcinus
Species
sapiens
orca

6. Classification, cont’d
The more groups 2 living things have in common, the more closely related they are.

7. Scientific Names
The genus and species name together make up the scientific name of the organism. The scientific name of a human is Homo sapiens.
The genus name is capitalized, but the species name is not. They are to be italicized in type and underlined in handwriting.

8. The many names of Boletus edulis
                            
France: Cepe
United States: King Bolete
Italy: Porcini
Germany: Steinpilz
England: Penny Bun
Sweden: Stensopp
Poland: Borowik
Finland: Herkkutatti
Spanish: Rodellón

9. Scientific Names, cont’d
Scientific names are used in biology instead of common names because:
Every living thing has a different sci. name
Scientific names seldom change
Scientific names are written in the same language around the world

10. How Scientists Classify
Activity
How Scientists Classify

11. Dichotomous Keys
Dichotomous keys are classification manuals that are used to help biologists determine the scientific name of an organism.
To use a key, you are given a series of options where you have to make one of two choices about your organism until ultimately you end up with its identification.
(See page 330 in text)