1. Technology Transfer in The United States Paul Zielinski Director, Technology Partnerships Office, National Institute of Standards and Technology Chair, Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer

2. Goal of U.S. Technology Transfer: Availability and Use of Innovations Government Research/Invent Regulate Public benefit Consumer Private Industry Develop Manufacture Distribute Market Sell Requires private capital

3. Government Sponsored Transfer Technology Large investment in mission focused research, including basic research ~ $140 billion Missions range from space flight at NASA, defense industries, energy production, health care and many others Useful as an economic engine for innovation and growth of new businesses We consider an expansive view of technology transfer Patenting/Licensing Technical publications Collaborations – formal and informal Public Domain software

5. Policy Coordination The U.S. Department of Commerce provides policy coordination and promulgation of technology transfer regulation Chair the Interagency Workgroup for Technology Transfer (11 agencies) Annual reports for the President, the Congress, and OMB on utilization of technology transfer by DOC and across all agencies

6. U.S. Technology Transfer Legislation Objective: Achieve practical application of funded research for the benefit of the public. Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-480, 15 USC 3710) The first of a series of laws about federal technology transfer. Requires laboratories to take an active role in technical cooperation. Established an office in each laboratory to coordinate and promote technology transfer. Sharing of royalties with inventors. Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-517; 35 USC 200) Presumption of ownership by contractor to inventions developed with federal funds. Government retains use license. March-in rights. Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-502; 15 USC 3710a) Enabled government laboratories to enter into Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs) and to negotiate licensing arrangements for patented inventions

7. US Lab Patent And CRADA Trends

8. Technology Transfer Organizations The Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer (FLC): nationwide network of federal laboratories to link laboratory technologies and expertise with the marketplace. http://www.federallabs.org/ Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM): global network of members come from more than 350 universities, research institutions, teaching hospitals and government agencies as well as hundreds of companies involved with managing and licensing innovations derived from academic and nonprofit research. http://autm.net/Home.htm

9. State Economic Development http://www.marylandtedco.org/ http://benfranklin.org/ http://www.cit.org/

10. Federal Funds

11. Summary Role of technology transfer is to encourage private business development to make innovations available Decentralized role of government, rely on partnerships Continued emphasis on technology and innovation Thank You Paul Zielinski Paul.zielinski@nist.gov