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Chapter 18 Notes
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Chapter 18.1 Endocrine glands >>> Ductless – or tubeless – organs or groups of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
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Hormones >>> Chemical substances that are produced in glands and help regulate many of your body’s functions.
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Thyroid gland >>> Produces hormone that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth.
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Parathyroid gland >>> Produce a hormone that regulates the body’s calcium and phosphorus balance.
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Pancreas >>> A gland that serves both the digestive and the endocrine systems.
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Pituitary gland >>> Regulates and controls the activities of all of the other endocrine glands.
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Gonads >>> The ovaries and the testes.
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Adrenal glands >>> Glands that help the body recover from stress and respond to emergencies.
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Chapter 18.2 Reproductive system >>> The system of organs involved in producing offspring.
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Sperm >>> The male reproductive cells.
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Testes >>> Two small glands that produce sperm.
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Testosterone >>> The male sex hormone.
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Scrotum >>> An external skin sac.
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Penis >>> A tube shaped organ that extends from the trunk of the body just above the testes.
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Semen >>> A thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system.
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Sterility >>> The inability to reproduce.
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Chapter 18.3 Uterus >>> A hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ inside a female’s body.
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Ovaries >>> The female sex glands that store the ova and produce female sex hormones.
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Ova >>> Female reproductive cells.
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Ovulation >>> The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each month.
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Fallopian tubes >>> A pair of tubes with fingerlike projections that draw in the ovum.
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Vagina >>> A muscular, elastic passageway that extends from the uterus to the outside of the body.
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Cervix >>> The opening to the uterus.
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Menstruation >>> Shedding of the uterine lining.
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Question #5 - Quiz Which endocrine glands become more active during puberty? Name the hormones these glands produce, and apprasie their effects on changes in the bodyduring adolescence.
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