1. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives

2. By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the characteristics of a SMART Objective. Demonstrate Rare’s standard format for writing a SMART objective. Create preliminary SMART Objectives for each intermediate result in your campaign’s Results Chain(s). Explain how preliminary SMART Objectives are converted into final SMART Objectives.

3. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives "To live is to choose. But to choose well, you must know who you are and what you stand for, where you want to go and why you want to get there." Kofi Annan, former Secretary General of the United Nations

4. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Where are We Now?

5. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Converting Intermediate Results into SMART Objectives

6. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives SMART Objectives Specific – clearly defined so that everyone has the same understanding Measurable – defined relative to a scale Action-oriented – objective is specifically linked to your conservation action Realistic – practical and appropriate Time-limited – achievable within a specific period of time

7. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives The "S" in SMART Specific – clearly defined so that everyone has the same understanding Example: Fishermen (target audience),will increase their knowledge that rats spread disease (variable) from 10% to 30% (amount of change).

8. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives The "M" in SMART Measurable – defined relative to a scale For many objectives, especially knowledge, attitude, interpersonal communication, and behavior change, you will use the pre- and post-campaign questionnaire surveys to measure them

9. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives The "A" in SMART Action-Oriented – indicates an outcome that you expect to happen as a result of your campaign. Is it getting your audience to the next result in your results chain? Has a direct impact on how you phrase your survey questions.

10. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives The "R" in SMART Realistic – there is a real chance your campaign will be able to achieve the desired impact. Can you realistically achieve the objective with the resources you have and within the given timeframe?

11. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives The "T" in SMART Time-limited – the specific time by which the objective will be achieved. Typically by the end of the campaign, but you could add objectives for several years after the campaign ends (TR and CR).

12. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Is it Action Oriented? “To hold two sessions with fishermen to determine if they have checked their boats for rodents, produce 2,000 posters, and to hold six meeting with the community members to talk about rodent eradication.”

13. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives No... Why? Outputs, not Outcomes Revised: There is an Xpp increase in number of community members who have talked to one another about setting rat traps in their boats (from X%, to Y%) by Aug 2014.

14. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Is It Measurable? “Reduce incidents of rodents on boats and therefore the potential for re-invasion.”

15. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives No... Why? Baseline and target levels should be embedded in the objective (e.g. from X to Y) You will actually be gathering the data. Revised: Reduce the number of reported rodent sightings on Serena Island by fishers and visitors from X% to Y% by 2014.

16. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Is it Realistic and Time-Limited? “By December 2008, reduce incidents of rodents on boats by having 100% of fishermen check their boats for rats and set traps for them.”

17. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives No... Why? Realistic means that there is a real chance the campaign will be able to achieve that much impact. 100% behavior change is nearly impossible. Time-bound means that a specific time by which the objective will be achieved is stated Revised: By December 2008, 90% of fishermen (up from 75%) will check their boats for rats and set traps every time the dock on Serena Island.

18. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Is it Specific? “By December 2008, 90% of all over- nighting fishermen (up from 75%; 15pp) will check boats and tackle for presence of invasive rodents on a daily basis before landing on Serena Island.”

19. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives YES…as much as it can be now Why? Target audience, the variable, and the amount of change are all clearly identified in the objective It should be as "SMART" as you can make it at any given time Targeted amount of change is meaningful by being large enough to have an impact, but not unrealistically large Written in standard format

20. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Purpose of Preliminary SMART Objectives Design survey questions that measure what you hope your campaign achieves Once you have written a preliminary objective it should be easy to write a good survey question

21. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Example

22. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives Steps to Create a Good Smart Objective Moving from Intermediate Result to a SMART Objective CriteriaDraft of objective after criteria met Intermediate result (Attitude) Farmers agree that the National Forest should be protected from land-clearing fires. Add Specificity Inabanga Farmers agree that the National Forest should be protected from land- clearing fires. Add Measurability The percentage of Inabanga Farmers who agree that the National Forest should be protected from land-clearing forest fires increases from X% to Y%. Make it Action-oriented Tied to the results chain and attributed to the other intermediate steps. Add Time The percentage of Inabanga Farmers who agree that the National Forest should be protected from land-clearing forest fires increases from X% in June, 2007 to Y% in July, 2008. Add baseline (after implementation) The percentage of Inabanga Farmers who agree that the National Forest should be protected from land-clearing forest fires increases from 18% in June, 2007 to Y% in July, 2008. Make it Realistic to finish making it SMART The percentage of Inabanga Farmers who agree that the National Forest should be protected from land-clearing forest fires increases from 18% in June, 2007 to 25% in July, 2008.

23. Setting Preliminary SMART Objectives By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Describe the characteristics of a SMART Objective. Demonstrate Rare’s standard format for writing a SMART objective. Create preliminary SMART Objectives for each intermediate result in your campaign’s Results Chain(s). Explain how preliminary SMART Objectives are converted into final SMART Objectives.