1. Cold War Era Trends

2. 1. Movement for European Unity political unif. fail / economic unif. succeed OEEC (1948) Council of Europe (1949) Coal and Steel Community (1952-2002) European Econ. Community / European Community / Common Market (1958-1993) –Treaty of Rome (1957) European Union, EU (1993-present) –Maastricht Treaty (1991) – est. € (2002) –2004 constitution

3. EU members map from 2013

4. Eurozone map from 2014

5. 2. Science & Technology practical applications –radar, jets, atomic bomb Big Science –big... orgs., projects, funding –ex. space race –results: sci. community grows more specialization more teamwork more competition Time cover, 1968.

6. 3. Social Classes greater social mobility –middle class more open and growing –lower class more urban and decreasing greater social equality due to: –industrial/tech expansion  demand for white collar jobs –old propertied classes lost land/businesses –social welfare programs –“gadget revolution” recreation: explosion of mass travel

7. 4. Women’s Movement early marriage & childbearing, small families, women work outside the home factors that helped women find jobs: –postwar econ boom –more white collar jobs –access to education East Bloc – women were half of all employed persons + entered “male” professions like medicine

8. 4. Women’s Movement 1970s-1980s: feminist movement –Goals: workplace rights; right to divorce, abortion, protection against violence, help for single moms –Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex (1949) –Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique (1963); NOW (1966)

9. 5. Youth & Counterculture (‘60s-’70s) rebellion against traditional authorities & status quo –sex, drugs & rock ’n’ roll leftist politics, student protests –Vietnam –France 1968

10. 6. Postwar Migration 1950s-60s: influx of immigrants –change from pattern of emigration –ppl came for jobs – big demand for labor patterns of movement: –rural  urban areas –less-developed south  industrial north –former colonies  European mother countries guest worker programs impact: helped econ recovery; growing ethnic diversity; integration difficulties