1. + Welcome C&E Students! Grab today’s handout, a white board, marker and eraser Roll Call Question: would you rather explore the deep sea or the Amazon jungle? Bell Work: Provide one example of each branch checking the power of another What is Judicial Review? Which 3 amendments deal with the rights of the accused?

2. + Bell Work Answers Examples: E>L = President Vetoes a bill L>E = Senate approving Presidential appointments J>L = Supreme Court declaring a law passed by congress unconstitutional Judicial Review: to declare acts of the legislative and executive branches unconstitutional. 4 th, 5 th, 6 th

3. + II. Extending the Amendments A. Amendments 11-27 were passed after the Constitution was adopted. B. Amendments 11 & 12 1. Eleventh Amendment: Places limits on suits against other states. 2. Twelfth Amendment: Revises the procedure for electing the president and vice president.

4. + C. Civil War Amendments 3 Amendments were passed after the Civil War to extend rights to African Americans. 1. Thirteenth Amendment: (1865) Outlawed slavery and any kind of forced labor a. While it freed the slaves it didn't’t guarantee them full rights b. Many Southern States passed “Black Laws” that excluded African Americans from jobs and limited property rights

5. + 2. Fourteenth Amendment: (1868) Most important Amendment because… a. It Defined citizenship b. All citizens must have equal protection under the law c. Made the state uphold the Bill of Rights 3. Fifteenth Amendment: (1870) African Americans granted suffrage – right to vote

6. + D. Progressive Era Amendments 1. Sixteenth Amendment: (1913) Gives Congress the power to levy an income tax 2. Seventeenth Amendment: (1913) Enables voters to elect senators directly 3. Eighteenth Amendment: (1917) Prohibits making, selling and buying alcoholic beverages (prohibition) 4. Nineteenth Amendment: (1920) Gives women the right to vote

7. + E. Later Amendments 1. Twentieth Amendment: (1933) Changes the dates of congressional and presidential terms 2. Twenty-first Amendment: (1933) Repeals Prohibition (#18) 3. Twenty-Second Amendment: (1951) Limits President to two terms in office 4. Twenty-Third Amendment: (1961) Gives Residents of D.C. the right to vote

8. + 5. Twenty-Fourth Amendment: (1964) eliminates the poll tax – requiring voters to pay a sum of money before casting their ballot. a. B/c many African Americans could not afford the tax, they could not vote. 6. Twenty-Fifth Amendment: (1967) Establishes procedures for succession of the president

9. + 7. Twenty-Sixth Amendment: (1971) Sets voting age at 18 years 8. Twenty-Seventh Amendment: (1992) Delays congressional pay raises until the term following their passage

10. + III. Supreme Court Cases A. 1 st Amendment Supreme Court Cases 1. Engle v. Vitale a. Issue: Students were being forced to say a morning prayer. Parents complained that this was violating their right to freedom of religion b. Question: Should students be forced to say a prayer in school? c. Decision: Forced prayer in schools or other gov’t establishments is unconstitutional

11. + 2. Tinker v Des Moines a. Issue: Two students wore black armbands to school in protest of the Vietnam War for which they were suspended b. Question: Do students loose their constitutional rights, like freedom of speech/petition, when they are at school? c. Decision: Students have the right to petition and freedom of speech as long as it does not interrupt the educational process

12. + 3. Texas v. Johnson a. Issue: A man burned the American flag in protest of President Reagan. He was arrested, fined and sentenced to 1 year in jail b. Question: Does freedom of speech/petition protect actions like flag burning? c. Decision: Just because the action offended people, freedom of expression (like flag burning) is protected by the 1 st Amendment

13. + B. Rights of the Accused Cases (Amendments 4, 5, 6 ) 1. NJ v TLO a. Issue: A girl was searched at school for cigarettes. During the search, marijuana and other drug paraphernalia was found in her bag. She was arrested. b. Question: Do students have 4 th amendment rights at school? c. Decision: Search of students is allowed as long as there is reasonable cause

14. + 2. Mapp v. Ohio a. Issue: The police entered Mapp’s home without her permission to search for a suspect. During the search of her home the police found obscene materials (illegal at the time) and arrested her for them. b. Question: Was the evidence found in the search in violation of the 4 th amendment? c. Decision: All evidence found in an illegal search cannot be held against you

15. + C. Civil Rights Cases 1. Plessy v Ferguson a. Issue: Plessy sat in an all-white train car when the all-black section was full. He refused to move and was arrested. b. Question: Did separate but equal laws violate the 14 th Amendment (equal protection under the law) c. Decision: Segregation WAS constitutional as long as there were facilities provided for both races.

16. + 2. Brown v Board of Edu a. Issue: Black students were denied admission to public schools for white children. b. Question: Is racial segregation in public schools constitutional (violating the 14 th amendment)? c. Decision: Overturns the separate but equal decision in Plessy by extending the 14 th Amendment. Separate can never be equal

17. + Trashketball

18. + 2.1 – Structure of the Constitution

19. + Question What are the 3 basic parts of the Constitution?

20. + Answer Preamble Articles Amendments

21. + Question What concept of American government is expressed in the preamble of the constituion

22. + Answer Popular Sovereignty – “We the people”

23. + Question Which article describes the Judicial branch?

24. + Answer Article III

25. + Question Provide 2 examples of reserved powers

26. + Answer Regulate trade inside the state Protect the public Conduct Elections Est. Local Gov’t Education

27. + Question Explain what the Full Faith and Credit clause does…

28. + Answer Requires states to respect the laws and judicial decisions of other states Example: If you are married in NC you are also married in GA

29. + Question What branch of gov’t is drscribed in Article II?

30. + Answer Executive Branch

31. + Question What is Federalism?

32. + Answer The concept that national and state governments divide AND share powers

33. + Question Provide 2 examples of Expressed Powers

34. + Answer Coin Money Maintain an Army & Navy Declare War Regulate international and interstate trade

35. + Question Provide 2 examples of Concurrent Powers

36. + Answer Est. Courts Enforce Laws Collect Taxes Borrow Money Provide for the Gen Welfare

37. + Question Implied Powers are described in which clause of the Constitution?

38. + Answer Necessary & Proper or Elastic Clause

39. + Question This clause states that Federal Law is always superior or greater than state law

40. + Answer Supremacy Clause

41. + 2.2 – Legislative Branch

42. + Question How many members are in the US House of Representatives?

43. + Answer 435

44. + Question Provide an example of the Legislative branch checking the power of the Executive Branch

45. + Answer Ask Ms. Smith

46. + Question What is gerrymandering?

47. + Answer redrawing congressional district lines to advantage a particular political party

48. + Question What is the role of the Legislative Branch?

49. + Answer It creates the law

50. + Question This power DENIED congress would punish you without a trial

51. + Answer Bill of Attainder

52. + Question What does the term Filibuster mean and which part of the Legislative branch can use it?

53. + Answer A tactic used only in the Senate where senators talk a bill to death

54. + Question Who is in charge of the Senate?

55. + Answer Vice President and President Pro Tempore

56. + Question Why do we have a national census?

57. + Answer Population count to determine representation in the House

58. + Question This power DENIED Congress would prevent you from being present at your own trial

59. + Answer Writ of Habeas Corpus

60. + Question What is the last Step in the Process of how a bill becomes a law?

61. + Answer The President must sign the Bill into law

62. + Question What does the Elastic Clause allow Congress to do

63. + Answer Stretch its powers to meet the nations needs

64. + 2.3- The Executive Branch

65. + Question What does the War Powers Act allow the President to do?

66. + Answer Send troops into battle for a max. of 60 days as long as they inform Congress 48 hours beforehand

67. + Question What is the role of the Executive Branch?

68. + Answer Enforce the Law

69. + Question Presidential appointees must be approved by whom?

70. + Answer Congress (Senate)

71. + Question In this role, the President would meet with other leaders of foreign nations and direct foreign policy

72. + Answer Chief Diplomat

73. + Question What is the federal Bureaucracy?

74. + Answer The agencies and employees who work for the executive branch

75. + Question In this role, the President could veto legislation passed by Congress

76. + Answer Legislative Leader

77. + Question How many electoral votes do you need to win the Presidency?

78. + Answer 270

79. + Question What is the purpose of the Cabinet?

80. + Answer To advise the President and head top-level departments of the gov’t

81. + Question In this role, the president would lead his/her political party

82. + Answer Party Leader

83. + 2.4 – Judicial Branch

84. + Question Which Supreme Court Case est. Judicial Review?

85. + Answer Marbury v. Madison

86. + Question What is the role/duty of the Judicial Branch?

87. + Answer Interprets the Law

88. + Question What does the term Jurisdiction mean?

89. + Answer The authority to hear and decide a case

90. + Question How many (total) Supreme Court Justices are there?

91. + Answer 9 (8 associative Justices and 1 Chief Justice)

92. + Question Who appoints Supreme Court Justices?

93. + Answer The President

94. + Question How long do Supreme Court Justices serve?

95. + Answer For life or until they resign or die

96. + Question What is the power of Judicial Review?

97. + Answer The SC can review any federal, state or local law/action and determine whether it is constitutional or not

98. + 2.5 – Amending the Constitution

99. + Question What portion of the States do you need to ratify an Amendment?

100. + Answer 3/4

101. + Question What die the 14 th Amendment do

102. + Answer Defines citizenship Guarantees equal protection under the law Applies the Bill of Rights to the state

103. + Question This amendment protects you from double jeopardy and allows you to remain silent at your own trial

104. + Answer 5 th

105. + Question Which 3 amendments protect the rights of the accused?

106. + Answer 4, 5, 6

107. + Question This Supreme Court case upheld the 4 th Amendment by saying that the search of students is constitutional as long as there is reasonable cause

108. + Answer NJ v TLO

109. + Question What portion of Congress do you need to propose an amendment?

110. + Answer 2/3

111. + Question This amendment outlawed slavery

112. + Answer 13

113. + Question This amendment protects your Civil Liberties

114. + Answer 1 st

115. + Question How was Brown v. Board of Edu. Different from Plessy v. Ferguson?

116. + Answer It overturns the decision in Plessy and extends the 14 th Amendment guaranteeing citizens’ equal protection under the law

117. + Question Which Amendment gave women the right to vote?

118. + Answer 19

119. + Question What did the 24 th Amendment do?

120. + Answer Eliminated the Poll Tax

121. + Question How did Tinker v Des Moines uphold the 1 st Amendment?

122. + Answer Forced prayer in schools or other gov’t establishments is unconstitutional