1. -Introduction -Testimony -Statistics -Facts By: Carly Schumacher 9:00 AP Language

2. Introduction You have to prove the claim you make Use evidence = supplying proof Three kinds of evidence  Testimony  Statictics  Facts All 3 can be proven true

3. Testimony It is the use of another person’s words or ideas Use when you lack knowledge or experience on the topic Useful in 3 instances  You don’t have much firsthand knowledge  The audience doubts your intentions  The audience opposes your idea

4. Testimony Examples Exploration of Mars  You don’t have much knowledge Friday isn’t a good day for a test  A credible source would be a psychologist Proactive  Are these celebrities a credible source?

5. 5 Tips to Remember When Using Testimony Identify your authority Avoid long quotations If you paraphrase, do not misrepresent the author Use credible sources Make sure your audience knows how your source relates to the topic

6. Statistics They are pieces of information presented as numbers They are effect because it is a concise piece of information that gives a powerful impression However, you have to make sure they are reliable

7. Examples of Statistics The public approval of the president’s policies has increased from 55 to 62 percent In Europe, Denmark receives over 20% of its electricity from wind energy, and in 2007 Germany received around 7% of its electricity from the wind. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesan dfuels/facts/2003/fcvt_fotw289.html http://www.awea.org/utility/pdf/Wind_and_Reliability _Factsheet.pdf

8. 6 Tips to Remember When Using Statistics Make them interesting and understandable Make sure it is an acceptable source Keep them simple! Use graphs or visual aid if possible Make sure they say what you want them to say Make sure they are recent

9. Facts This is a statement that can be proven true Use these to back up your claim Pretty obvious!

10. Examples of Facts Offshore wind turbines generate more power than on-shore turbines because wind speeds are generally higher and the wind is steadier offshore. Eight countries have wind turbines installed offshore providing clean, renewable electricity: Denmark, Belgium, Sweden, Finland, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Ireland. http://www.awea.org/pubs/factsheets/Offshore_fact_sheet_Mar09.pdf

11. Quiz! What are the 3 types of proof you can use? Which of the following isn’t one of the 3 best instances to use a testimony  A-You don’t have much firsthand knowledge  B-The audience doubts your intentions  C-You have lots of background knowledge What is a visual aid you should try to use when presenting statistics?

12. Answers Testimony, Statistics, Facts C Graphs