2.  Senator of the North who talked bad about pro-slavery owners from the South including Andrew Butler.  Preston Brooks Congressman from the South who beats up Charles Sumner with his cane because Sumner talked trash about Mr. Butler.

3.  Dred Scott, a slave, sues for his freedom because his master has lived with him in two territories where slavery was outlawed.  Supreme Court Decision:  African-Americans are not citizens (free or slave) and cannot sue in court.  Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional- could not outlaw slavery in territories.

4.  Slaves were property and could be taken anywhere.  Northern Reaction: Horrified, saw the Supreme Court as controlled by slave owners  Southern Reaction- the North’s distrust of the Sup. Court just one more reason to leave the union

5.  Senate seat in Illinois  Lincoln’s nomination speech: “A house divided cannot stand. I believe this govt. cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free.”  Lincoln(R) challenged Douglas(D) to seven debates.  Freeport Doctrine: Lincoln forced Douglas to answer whether or not a territory could vote down slavery despite the Dred Scott decision.

6.  Lincoln-Douglas Debate  Douglas’s response led to a split in his party and an end to his chances to win presidency.  Douglas ’s popular sovereignty position prevailed in the election  Despite his loss, Lincoln was in the national spotlight and became leading Republican for the party’s nomination in 1860.