1. Mofida. AlBarrak

2. To assess on admission & subsequently, a patient’s normal & abnormal physiological status relating to body temperature regulation, cardiovascular & respiratory functions vital for life

3. Mofida. AlBarrak To ensure that all students at health science college female in Riyadh are competent in performing observations, recording & reporting of patients temperature, pulse, respiration & blood pressure.

4. Mofida. AlBarrak The observation & assessment of temperature, pulse, respiration & blood pressure may need to be undertaken as follows 1.During initial routine admission to hospital ►Elective (ward) ► Emergency 2. Pre-operatively 3. Following ►Surgery ►Investigative procedures

5. Mofida. AlBarrak

6. ►Normal & abnormal body temperature ranges ►Causes of abnormal temperatures & terminology ►Routes of taking temperature ►Types of thermometers (clinical, disposable, electronic ) ►Preparation of patient & appropriate equipment

7. Mofida. AlBarrak ► Precautions prior to taking temperature ► Appropriate thermometer for appropriate patient ► Explanation of the procedure ► Importance of universal precautions ►Performing nursing skill safely ►Time length in taking temperature ►Accurate reading, recording & reporting

8. Mofida. AlBarrak

9. The balance between the heat produced by the body & heat lost from the body to the environment The degree of heat of the body as measured by the thermometer

10. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Metabolism of food ►Exercise ►Shivering or the unconscious tensing of the muscles ►Certain disease processes

11. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Radiation When standing in front of on open freezer ►Conduction Transfer of heat when two objects come in contact. Immersion of arm in ice, use of hot water bottle

12. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Convection Air near the body warms up & is replaced by cooler air. Use of fan or breeze from an open window

13. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Vaporization \ Evaporation ►When sweating decreases the body heat

14. Mofida. AlBarrak 36.0 …………… 37.4 degrees centigrade

15. Mofida. AlBarrak ►The Mouth ►The Rectum ►The Axils ►The Tympanic membrane

16. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Mercury-in-glass ►Electronic ►Disposable ►Infra-red

17. Mofida. AlBarrak Type used must take into consideration ►Accuracy ►Safety ►Suitability for the type of patient ►Ease of use ►Cost of each devise & accessories

18. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Pyrexia ►Hyperpyrexia ►Heatstroke ►Hypothermia

19. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Centigrade C ►Fahrenheit F

20. Mofida. AlBarrak F = C x 9\5 +32 E.g.. 40C F= 40 x 9\5 + 32 = 104 F C = F – 32 x 5\9 E.g. 104C C = 104 – 32 x 5\9 = 40C

21. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Age ►Environment ►Time of the day ►Exercise ►Stress ►Hormones ►Disease conditions

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23. ►Pyrexia (fever) – temp above 99 F Low pyrexia – 99 – 100 F Moderate pyrexia 100 – 103 F High pyrexia 103 – 105 F Hyper pyrexia above – 105 F

24. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Subnormal temp – 95 – 98 F ►Hypothermia below – 95 F ►Rigor

25. Mofida. AlBarrak ►Constant fever ►Remittent fever ►Intermittent fever ►Hectic fever

26. Mofida. AlBarrak How do you decide which site to use? What are the advantages \ disadvantages of each site ? When do you usually use each site? Question review

27. Mofida. AlBarrak A patient is admitted to your ward following a surgical or investigation procedure. Hourly observation of T.P.R & B.P. have been prescribed. Questions

28. Mofida. AlBarrak Four days later your patient develops pyrexia. What could be the possible reasons? Briefly explain the importance of patient observation ( assessment of vital) on patients a. Newly admitted to a ward b. Prior to surgery c. Following surgery or investigative procedures

29. Mofida. AlBarrak 1 1.Wash hand 1 2.Collect the equipment 1 3.Explain procedure 1 4.Determine correct site 1 5.Check reading on thermometer 1 6.Shake down to 35C 1 7.Place thermometer at base of tongue to right or left 1 8.Ask a patient to close lips not teeth 9.Leave thermometer in place oral temperature 3 min

30. Mofida. AlBarrak 110.Wipe it with dry tissue 111.Read the thermometer accurately 112.Read thermometer accurately 113.Wash, dry, disinfect thermometer 114.Wash hand 115.Gige comment & record Continue