2. Unit 1 Past and Present Grammar A

3. Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时态

4. Present Perfect Tense We use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past. Past present Eddie was born four years ago.

5. We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and continue to the present. Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born. Eddie has lived with Millie for four years. present Past present 4 years

6. We also use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past and have connection with the present. present Past Eddie has eaten my food.

7. 一、现在完成时的构成 1. 现在完成时的肯定句 句型 主语（第一、二人称单、复数） +have 主语（第三人称复数） +have + 过去分词 主语（第三人称单数） +has I have finished my homework. We have lived in Beijing. You have been to the USA. They have eaten the cake. He has lived in Beijing.

8. The table below shows how we form the past particles of some verbs. most verbs Irregular verbs Infinitive Past particle Infinitive Past particle visitvisitedcome livelivedseeseen repairrepairedbebeen finishfinishedgivegiven movemovedwritewritten watchwatchedmakemade traveltravelledput

9. 过去分词的构成 Typeoriginalp.tp.p cost read meetmet catchcaught rideroderidden speakspokespoken keepkept drinkdrankdrunk eatateeaten ABB AAA ABC

10. 一、现在完成时的构成 2. 现在完成时的否定句 句型 主语 +have/has+ not+ 过去分词 +…… I have not seen the movie yet. He hasn’t read the book.

11. Making sentences Mr.Wu asks the students to complete the sentences below using the present perfect tense. Help them complete the sentences. 1.They ___________ (finish) their homework. 2.Mr and Mrs Li _____________(not come) back yet. 3.John___________ (play) this computer game a few times. 4.We _______________ (not see) that film yet 5.Mr Dong _______________ (repair) over ten bicycles since last Monday. 6.You _________________ (not visit) me for a long time. have finished haven’t come has played haven’t seen hasn’t repaired haven’t visited

12. 3. 现在完成时的一般疑问句 Have/Has+ 主语 + 过去分词 + …? Have you finished the work? Has she arrived here? 4. 现在完成时的特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 +have/has+ 主语 + 过去分词 + … How many times have you heard the song?

13. I / They/ We / You have moved. He / She / It has Have you….? Has he….? Yes, I have Yes, he has. No, I haven’t. No, he hasn’t. has not = hasn’t have not= haven’t

14. Chat time Millie and Sandy are talking about an exhibition of the history of Beijing. Complete their conversation. Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. M : ______ you ____ (see) any exhibitions recently, Sandy? S : No, I _______.What about you? M : Well, I _____________ (see) one. I saw it at the history museum last week. S : What’s it about? M : I ______________ (forget) the title. It’s about changes in Beijing over the past century. Have seen haven’t have seen have forgotten

15. S: Oh, yes. I ____________ (hear) about it._______ your cousin ____ (go) with you? M : No, he _______.He ________ (be) very busy recently. S : Did you enjoy the exhibition? M : Yes, I did. I ___________ (learn) a lot about Beijing’s past and present. It’s a good exhibition and I _____________ (decide) to see it again. Do you want to go with me? S : Sure. I won’t miss it this time. have heard go Did has been learnt have decided didn’t

16. Present perfect tense Present perfect tense 现在完成时 用法一： 用法一： 表示过去发生的动作对现 在造成的影响或结果. 强调 过去动作与现在的联系.

17. Adverbs of time 1. already （肯） yet （否 / 疑） I have already done my homework. I haven’t done my homework yet. Have you done your homework yet?

18. Adverbs of time 2. ever never just recently 3. before up to now （直到现在） so far （到目前为止） by now （到现在为止） in/over/during the past/last + 时间 （在过去的 … 中）

19. Adverbs of time 4. once/twice… I have seen the film twice. 5. This/ It is the first time … It is the first time he has driven a car.

20. 用法二： for+ 时间段 since+ 时间点 since+ 句子（一般过去时） Kate has lived here for 3 years. Kate has lived here since 3 years ago. Kate has lived here since she came to China. 表示过去开始的动作或状态， 一直持续到现在。动词使用延 续性动词。常与 for 或 since 引 导的时间连用。

21. Complete their conversation using the present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets with the correct time expressions. Simon: Have you_______________ (travel) by plane? Daniel: No, I________________ ( not travel ) by plane _______, but I’ll fly to Sanya this summer. My parents and I will stay there for a whole week to enjoy the sun and the beach. Simon: I’m sure you’ll enjoy the trip. By the way, did you know that my family___________( own) a boat _______ 1920? ever travelled haven’t travelled yet has owned since

22. Daniel: I can’t believe your family___________( own) a boat ________ over 80 years! Simon: In fact, you ( see) it in the sitting room. Daniel: Oh,yes,but that’s not a real boat. It’s only a model! Simon: I know, but it looks like a real one. It’s just smaller. Daniel: I must say that it’s the best model I (see ). Simon: Thank you, Daniel. has owned for have already seen have ever seen

23. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空 1.He (wait) for an hour. 2.I (not finish) the work yet. 3. you (know) him since then? 4.I (hear) from my father recently. 5.We (be) there many times in the past 3 years. 6.The dog (live) here since 3 days ago. 7.They (learn) English so far. 8.How long you (stay) at home already? has waited haven’t finished Haveknown have heard have been has lived have learned havestayed Exercises:

24. 9. I (not read) the book before. 10. He just (do) it. 11. My sister (walk) to school every day last year. 12. We (have) an exam again sometime next week. 13. So far, we (plant) 2000 trees. 14. Lucy (go) to Shanghai. She (leave) this morning. 15. Tom (buy) the bike 2 years ago. has done walked will have have planted has gone left bought haven’t read