1. Josha Harvey

2.  Has been defined by Barrows and Jacobs as “the imaginative capacity of the mind to affect one’s physical, emotional, and spiritual state” (Young & Koopsen, 2011).  Related to hypnosis (Young & Koopsen, 2011).

3.  What is the impact of guided imagery as a nursing intervention in the management of pain and chronic pain?

4.  20 children, ages 6-11 years old  Quasi-experimental interrupted design  Diaries to record pain perception and guided imagery sessions (Dobson & Byrne, 2014)

5.  Reported average of 5.6 pain episodes per month before guided imagery and 2.5 pain episodes after  More children used no pain medications during post-intervention month than during month before guided imagery  Only medication used was ibuprofen (Dobson & Byrne, 2014)

6.  Population: 26 hospitalized patients ranging from 18-72 yrs.  Method: two day crossover design followed by post interview  Technique: 15 minute recording (Kwekkeboom, et. Al, 2008)

7.  Pain relief found in two thirds of participants (62%).  Three participants reported guided imagery not working for them (Kwekkeboom, et. Al, 2008)

8.  Population: 30 women, greater than 55 yrs.  Method: two-group longitudinal randomized- assignment experimental design  Intervention technique: 12 minute audio tape twice a day for four months (Baird, et. Al, 2010)

9.  Decreased pain of 2.33 on 0-20 scale  Decrease in analgesics taken per day by 1.54 from baseline (Baird, et. al, 2010).

10.  Why might guided imagery work for some and not others?  Patient perception

11.  Guided imagery training for staff  Advocate to include in treatment plan (Dobson & Byrne, 2014)

12.  On site training resources  Document in medical record (Dobson & Byrne, 2014)

13.  Using guided imagery on the mental health unit by incorporating it into group therapy  Guided imagery in future positions

14.  Baird, C.L., Murawski, M. M., & Wu, J. (2010). Efficacy of guided imagery with relaxation for osteoarthritis symptoms and medication intake. Pain Management Nursing, 11(1), 56-65. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2009.04.002.  Dobson, C. E. & Byrne, M. W. (2014). Original research: Using guided imagery to manage pain in young children with sickle cell disease. American Journal of Nursing, 114(4), 26-36. Doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000445680.06812.6a  Kwekkeboom, K.L, Hau, H., Wanta, B., & Bumpus, M. (2008). Patients’ perceptions of the effectiveness of guided imagery and progressive muscle relaxation techniques used for cancer pain. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 14(3), 185-194. Doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2008.04.002.  Young, C. & Koopsen, C. (2011). Spirituality, health, and healing (2ne ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.