1. Aksum Anything that is on the notes we took in class is fair game!

2. Byzantine Who started it? Where did it stem from? Where was it centered? Main religion? (Who made it acceptable, who made it legal?) Achievements and innovations Justinian – co-Empress? – Who/how/why/where did he kill? – Achievements? Important buildings?

3. Islam Words to know: “Allah” “Islam” Muslim “ummah” “Ulama” Koran Polytheistic Zakat “Jizya”

4. Islam Cont. Political system of Arabia prior to Mohammed’s revelations -Formative events in Mohammed’s life -What did Mohammed do when he returned to Mecca in 630 A.D. -First great challenge to Abu Bakr -Tensions from the Mawali -Real vs. actual meanings of “jihad” -Reasons Islamic civilization allowed for the renaissance in Europe -important innovations -Art and textiles in relation to trade -5 pillars -3 Major kingdoms/dynasties -Anything on the presentation notes (graphic organizers)