1. CYMRAEG Dydd Mawrth, 5 Chwefror, 2013

2. Prawf Cyntaf- First Test 7 Chwef/Feb This test will mainly concentrate on two things: 1. The formation of the present tense in Welsh. 2. Conversational phrases and examples found in the yellow boxes in each unit (2-6). 3. Questions based on the Big Welsh Challenge (BBC Wales). See below. 4. Questions on the first and second culture classes (the first was a PowerPoint see this website), the second was part of ‘The Story of Wales’.

3. Prawf cyntaf- what to learn. Formation of the present tense. Numbers zero to ten (p 27) Days of the week (p 27) Soft mutation (p 23);Nasal mutation (p 23) Words that cause soft mutation (so far: o=from, i=to, yn before adjectives and nouns). Verb ‘to be’ (I am you are she is etc) Questions and answers. Simple greetings (p6) Content of Uned 2-6 Short questions based on the two culture classes (one on film).

4. Prawf Un Big Welsh Challenge. ‘A Black Belt’, ‘A Blast From the Past’, ‘A Step Back in Time’. There will be three questions on what they say yn Gymraeg. The link is: www.bbc.co.uk/wales/learnwelsh/bigwelshchallenge/

5. Present tense! How do I say: I’m going, or I go (there). These are present tense. It happens now. In Welsh you need three things: 1. The correct part of the verb ‘to be’ (I am, you are, she is, John is etc). This comes first. 2. The main verb in the sentence. In this case it is GO. Find it in the dictionary. If you look you’ll find MYND. 3. The glue: this goes between 1 and 2. It is YN if the there is no vowel before it; if there is it is ‘N. 4. Now let’s try a few:

6. Dw i’n siarad Cymraeg!! I speak Welsh. In sentences like this you have to say ‘I am speaking Welsh’. 1. I AM is DW I 2. TO SPEAK is SIARAD 3. Glue: ‘N. DW I’N SIARAD =I speak, I am speaking. 4. Remember that the term ‘glue’ is used humourously here and is not a grammatical term. 5. It refers to the fact that the two parts of the sentence have to be held together by the YN (or ‘N).

7. Dw i’n MYND I am going, I go. 1. I am= DW I 2. Go= MYND 3. Some glue= ‘N 4. Finished product: DW I’N MYND

8. Other parts of the verb ‘to be’ DW I= I AM RWYT TI= YOU ARE MAE O= HE IS MAE HI= SHE IS DAN NI=WE ARE DACH CHI= YOU ARE MAEN NHW= THEY ARE

9. EXAMPLES DYSGU=TO LEARN BYW=TO LIVE GWELD=TO SEE MYND ALLAN=TO GO OUT. HOFFI=TO LIVE LEICIO=TO LIKE GWEITHIO=TO WORK We are learning They live here (yma) I see She’s going out. They work here He likes living in Ottawa I ‘m working now (rwan)

10. Rhagor o ferfau- mix and match Dallt- understand Clywed- hear Teimlo- feel Cerdded-walk Rhedeg- run Loncian-jog Nofio-swim Y gerddoriaeth Dan y glaw Drwy’r parc Yn yr afon Yr adar yn canu Cymraeg yn sâl

11. Rhagor o enghreifftiau/More examples! John is working today Mae John yn gweithio heddiw. NOTE IMPORTANT: YOU DO NOT NEED THE PRONOUN O (=HE). Would you say “ John he is working today’? NO. Dafydd is learning Irish Mae Dafydd yn dysgu Gwyddeleg.

12. TRY THE FOLLOWING Mair works today. Llinos likes Cardiff. Ceris knows. John comes from Bangor. Gareth is going to the class..

13. TRY THE FOLLOWING Mair works today. Llinos likes Cardiff. Ceris knows. John comes from Bangor. Gareth is going to the class. Mae Mair yn gweithio heddiw. Mae Llinos yn hoffi Caerdydd. Mae John yn dwad o Fangor. Mae Gareth yn mynd i’r dosbarth.

14. Questions. (right hand column) DW I RWYT TI MAE HI MAE O DAN NI DACH CHI MAEN NHW MAE JAC…. DW I? WYT TI? YDY HI? YDY O? DAN NI? DACH CHI? YDYN NHW? YDY JAC…

15. EXAMPLES IS Jac learning Welsh? Ydy Jac yn dysgu Cymraeg? Does Mair live in Wales? Ydy Mair yn byw yng Nghymru? Does Huw work in the city? Ydy Huw yn gweithio yn y ddinas? Does Meic like swimming? Ydy Meic yn hoffi nofio?

16. YES AND NO. See the right column Wyt ti….? Dach chi…? Ydy o….? Ydy hi….? Ydy Jac..? Ydyn nhw…? Ydw/ Nac ydw Ydw/ nac ydw Ydy/ Nac ydy Ydyn.

17. Enghreifftiau Ydy Jac yn byw yma? Dach chi’n gweithio bob nos? Wyt ti’n sgwennu e- bost? Ydy hi’n dallt Ffrangeg? Ydy Mair yn hoffi byw yma? Ydy/ Nac ydy. Ydw /Nac ydw. Ydy/ nac ydy.

18. Some questions have a different construction. If there is no verb (mae, dach chi, rwyt ti etc) at the beginning of the phrase, the answer is ia/ naci. Chwaer Dafydd dach chi? Ia, a pwy dach chi? O Gaerdydd dach chi’n dwad? Naci, o Fangor. Meddyg ydy hi? Ia. Heulwen ydy hi? Naci, Llinos, chwaer Ioan.