1. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Chapter 11 Physical Development in Middle Childhood Child Development, 3/e by Robert Feldman Created by Barbara H. Bratsch

2. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall In what ways do children grow during the school years, and what factors influence their growth? What are the nutritional needs of school-age children, and what are some causes and effects of improper nutrition? What sorts of health threats do school-age children face? What are the characteristics of motor development during middle childhood, and what advantages do improved physical skills bring? What safety threats affect school-age children, and what can be done about them? What sorts of special needs manifest themselves in the middle childhood years, and how can they be met?

3. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Physical Development in Middle Childhood Slow and Steady – it is not unusual for children in middle childhood to vary as much as 6-7 inches in height

4. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Nutrition Children receiving more nutrients have more energy and feel more self-confident

5. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Childhood Obesity Obesity is defined as body weight more than 20% above average for a person of similar height and age. At least 13% of US children are obese – a proportion that has tripled since the 1960s

6. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Balanced Diet?

7. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Asthma Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by periodic attacks of wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath

8. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Psychological Disorders Childhood Depression Anxiety Disorders

9. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Motor Development Gross motor skills- muscle coordination improves so children can better learn to ride bikes, skate, skip rope, and swim Fine motor skills- Myelin in the brain increases significantly from 6-8 years old so skills such as cursive writing or using a keyboard are easier to master

10. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Gross Motor Skills

11. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Safety and Children Auto accidents rank as the most frequent source of injury to children between the ages of 5 and 9 Fires, burns, drowning, and gun-related deaths follow in frequency

12. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Injury

13. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Children with Special Needs Visual impairment – difficulties in seeing that may include blindness or partial sightedness Auditory impairment – a special need that involves the loss of hearing or some aspect of hearing Speech impairment – speech that deviates so much from the speech of others that it calls attention to itself, interferes with communication, or produces maladjustment in the speaker Stuttering – substantial disruption in the rhythm and fluency of speech; the most common speech impairment

14. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Learning Disabilities Learning disabilities – difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) - a learning disability marked by inattention, impulsiveness, a low tolerance for frustration, and a great deal of inappropriate activity

15. Feldman Child Development, 3/e ©2004 Prentice Hall Least restrictive environment – the setting most similar to that of children without special needs Mainstreaming – an educational approach in which exceptional children are integrated as much as possible into the traditional educational system and are provided with a broad range of educational alternatives Full inclusion – the integration of all students, even those with the most severe disabilities, into regular classes and all other aspects of school and community life