1. OBJECTIVES: LIST THE ECONOMIC GOALS SET MY NEHRU DISCUSS THE PROGRESS MADE BY INDIAN INDUSTRY EXPLAIN INDIA’S ATTEMPTS TO INCREASE FARM PRODUCTION Chapter 9 Section 3 Economic Development

2. Introduction Operation Flood – government program aimed to increase the production of milk 20 years ago, importer of milk; today 3 rd largest producer Increased food production key to economy Government focus on agriculture/industry in recent years

3. Economic Goals Economic independence (self-sufficiency) was the first economic goal of Nehru (do you know who he is?) Keys:  Limited foreign investment  Mixed Economy  Series of 5-year plans

4. Industrial Growth Factories needed for basic materials (steel/plastic) and finished goods (equipment), and energy (hydroelectric)  Used cash crop income and taxes to build industry 1960s; India 7 th most industrialized nation 1970s; India’s economy hurt by rises in oil prices (India has very little oil resources) 1990s; one of the fastest growing economics  Privatization and joint-companies through foreign investment; technology industry Poverty remains widespread; population growth, mismatched jobs/population big problem

5. Progress in Agriculture ¾ of population lives in rural areas, most subsistence farmers  Couldn’t meet the demands of the population Irrigation has been a huge help, but has not solved the problem Contributed to being able to have a “dry-season” crop Land reform has had little success  Goal: move from tenant farming  Problems: politics, wealthy landowners, poverty

6. Green Revolution “ Miracle Crops” – new breed of wheat and rice seeds Problems: requires fertilization and irrigation Today:  Exports some crops

7. OBJECTIVES: ANALYZE THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY ON VILLAGE LIFE EXAMINE THE CHANGES IN THE CASTE SYSTEM DESCRIBE THE SOCIAL CHANGES THAT ARE TAKING PLACE IN INDIA Chapter 9 Section 4 Changing Patterns of Life

8. Village Life For most, very little change  About ½ w/running H2o and electricity  Outdated farming, cottage industries Increased communication/technology for some  Urbanization becoming more common Health care improvements have led to a decline in infant mortality rate

9. Modernization and the Caste System Little progress made towards weakening the caste system, especially in villages Progress: Castes are becoming less limited Example: Former untouchable’s children may attend school with other, even though treated differently Urbanization helping remove castes Westernization

10. Improving Education 80% of children go to school; 52% of Indians are literate Schooling is now free and required until 14yo; though law not always followed/enforced  Boys more than girls attend school, poorer children may not get to go to school because of work

11. Family Life Marriage happening at later age; though still arranged most of the time  Meeting your future spouse is very different than here Nuclear families, in their own home, more common Women have gained more rights  Vote, own property, divorce, widows can remarry, government jobs more frequent Village women more likely to remain traditional

12. Homework 1. Chapter 8 & 9 Essential Questions/Unforgettable Vocabulary Chapter 8 and 9 Next Class Period