1. Population Structure Chapter 2 section 4

2. Quick Recap Why does population growth vary among countries? Natural Increase Rate (NIR)- percentage by which a population grows in a year Crude Birth Rate (CBR)- total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in a society Crude Death Rate (CDR)- the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society

3. Terms/Concepts Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) Life expectancy Dependency ratio Population pyramid

4. Total Fertility Rate Total Fertility Rate (TFR)- the average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years (15-49) –World TFR = 2.5 –Sub-Saharan Africa = 6 –European Countries = 2

5. Infant Mortality Rate Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)- the annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age, compared to total live births –Expressed as number of deaths per 1,000 births The US has a higher infant mortality rate than Canada and every country in Western Europe –Minorities IMR double the national average –Why is this?

6. Life Expectancy Life Expectancy- measures the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current infant mortality rates

7. Young and Old Dependency Ratio- the number of people who are too young or too old to work compared to the number of people in their productive years –People 0-14 and 65+ –The larger the number of dependents the greater financial pressure on those working to support them While LDC have lots of young people MDC are “graying” lots of older people

8. Population Pyramid Population pyramid – is a bar graph that displays the percentage of a place’s population for each AGE and GENDER. –Shape is determined by its CBR

9. Terms/Concepts Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) Life expectancy Dependency ratio Population pyramid