1. The Immune System Chapter 43 ~

2. PCA: List the organs involved in the immune sytem:

3. Lines of Defense Nonspecific Defense Mechanisms……

4. Innate Immunity First defense –Skin –Mucous membranes –Secretions- skin and mucous membranes

5. “You men come with me, the rest of you run with mucus…” Mucous membranes –Line digestive, respiratory and genital tracts –Low pH –lysozymes

6. Innate Immunity: Specialized phagocytic white blood cells Antimicrobial proteins Inflammatory response

7. Innate Immunity: 5 types of Leukocytes Neutrophils 60-70% WBCs; engulf and destroy microbes at infected tissue Short lived Monocytes 5% WBCs; develop into…. –Macrophages 1)phagocytosis –2)lysosomal enzymes destroy microbes Dendritic cells: Stimulate development of the acquired immune system

8. Innate Immunity: 5 types of Leukocytes Eosinophils 1.5% WBCs; destroy large parasitic invaders Enzymatic action- no phagocytosis Natural killer (NK) cells destroy virus-infected body cells & abnormal cells apoptosis

9. Antimicrobial Proteins: 1.Complement system- group of 30 proteins  Once activated can cause invading cells to lyse – burst –Compliment the ability of antibodies and phagocytes 2.Interferons (α, β and γ)  Immune response to viruses  Activates macrophages

10. The Inflammatory Response Tissue injury; release of chemical signals~ histamine (basophils/mast cells): prostaglandins: increases blood flow & vessel permeability

11. Dilation and increased permeability of capillary~ chemokines: secreted by blood vessel endothelial cells mediates phagocytotic migration of WBCs

13. Lymphatic System: Consists of: –Lymphatic vessels –Lymph nodes –Adenoids –Tonsils –Appendix –Spleen –Peyer’s patches

14. Lymphatic System: Function: –Traps foreign molecules and various substances –Returns lost fluids back to circulatory system

15. Lymphatic System: Connection with Immune System: –Foreign molecules and invaders encounter macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes which take various defense actions to activate and immune response and destroy pathogens.