1. Bible in the Middle Ages 95121215 Claire Wu 95121215 Claire Wu 95121201 Alex Li 95121201 Alex Li 95121216 Leah 95121216 Leah 95121219 Nelson 95121219 Nelson 95121245 Serena 95121245 Serena

2. Background of Middle Ages Falling and Rising Empires Falling and Rising Empires The Medieval Period began with the fall of the Roman Empire in the West. In 410, Rome was conquered. In 476, the Western Emperor was deposed by a Gothic King. The Medieval Period began with the fall of the Roman Empire in the West. In 410, Rome was conquered. In 476, the Western Emperor was deposed by a Gothic King. Crusades and Other Wars Crusades and Other Wars War and conflict pervaded this one thousand year era. The West suffered several invasions from Islamic peoples and the Scandinavians. For a brief time, during the rule of Charlemagne, the West experienced some stability. War and conflict pervaded this one thousand year era. The West suffered several invasions from Islamic peoples and the Scandinavians. For a brief time, during the rule of Charlemagne, the West experienced some stability.

3. Middle Age Bible Form Handwritten Handwritten Written on parchment (late Middle Ages: Paper ) Written on parchment (late Middle Ages: Paper ) Illuminated manuscript (Narrow sense: manuscripts Illuminated manuscript (Narrow sense: manuscripts decorated with gold or silver decorated with gold or silver Broader sense: decorative or illustrated manuscript) Broader sense: decorative or illustrated manuscript) Decorated with miniature illustrations Decorated with miniature illustrations Decorated initial Decorated initial

7. Bible Sanctified Cause: Extremely rare Extremely rare Written in Latin Written in Latin Only available to minister or some nobilities. Only available to minister or some nobilities.Result: Bibles were sanctified. (Unlike modern prospective: Words of Truth) Bibles were sanctified. (Unlike modern prospective: Words of Truth) The Knowledge of Bible context were interpretation from the the preachers. (Common people lack of own prospective towards the Bible) The Knowledge of Bible context were interpretation from the the preachers. (Common people lack of own prospective towards the Bible)

8. Bible translations in the Middle Ages The need of translation resulted from the expansion of the Church. The need of translation resulted from the expansion of the Church. The Latin Vulgate The Latin Vulgate Translations were relatively rare. Translations were relatively rare.

9. Early medieval vernacular translations Gothic Bible Gothic Bible Poetic and pictorial works Poetic and pictorial works Historical works Historical works → Bible Historiale

10. Late Middle Ages Urbanization of the twelfth-century and increased literacy among educated urban populations. Urbanization of the twelfth-century and increased literacy among educated urban populations. German, Czech, Spanish, Catalan Hungarian, Lithuanian, French, Italian German, Czech, Spanish, Catalan Hungarian, Lithuanian, French, Italian

11. Mystery Play A type of play in middle ages which was based on events in the Bible or the lives of the Christian saints A type of play in middle ages which was based on events in the Bible or the lives of the Christian saints Ex. “ The Second Shepherd ’ s Play ” Ex. “ The Second Shepherd ’ s Play ” is combined with non-biblical story and real bible story is combined with non-biblical story and real bible story

12. The Second Shepherd ’ s Play (a) The non-biblical story 1.Mak steals a sheep from three shepherds. 2.He and his wife pretend the sheep is their son. 3.The shepherds are fooled at first but later discover his trick. 4.They toss Mak on a blanket as a punishment. (b) Bible story 5.The shepherds are told of the birth of Christ by an angel, and being told to go to Bethlehem, where they offer gifts to the Christ child.