1. Indicators for Urban Air Quality 14 th EIONET workshop on air quality assessment and management Warsaw 5-6 October 2009 Frank de Leeuw

2. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 2 Current set of UAQ indicators Structural indicator Urban Audit Core set of Indicators (CSI04)

3. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 3 In common AirBase –Data availability, uncertainty –Time window 1997/1999 - 2007 –Comparability between countries –Comparability over time

4. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 4 Structural indicator Population exposure: PM10, O3 Link with Questionnaire AQDirective –agglomerations –Station selection Aggregation at EU27 + -level & national, population weighted

5. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 5

6. 6 Results

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8. 8 Urban Audit Compliance checking; exposure 6 sub-indicators: O3 (2), NO2 (2), PM10 (2) Station selection by GIS overlay No aggregation, only at city level; AQ results presented in City Profile

9. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 9

10. 10

11. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 11 CSI04: urban air quality “Compliance checking”: population exposed to concentration > LV/TV PM10-daily LV, NO2-annual LV, SO2 daily LV, ozone Station selection by overlay Urban Audit Aggregation at EEA-level from UA results

12. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 12 Fraction of urban population exposed

13. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 13

14. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 14 Population coverage: SI - CSI04

15. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 15 Comparison SI- CSI04

16. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 16

17. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 17

18. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 18 Urban vs. total population

19. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 19 Sustainable health impact indicator? Objective set in 6 th EAP: “levels of air quality that do not give rise to significant negative impacts on, and risk to human health and the environment” WHO AQG PM2.510 μg/m3 (annual) O3 100 μg/m3 (8h daily max) 500 (μg/m3).day ( SOMO35 )

20. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 20 Health indicator Distance to target: loss in health compared to the sustainable levels: AQG Health loss expressed in ……. mortality inpremature deathsor life expectancyor years of life lost morbidity expressed in …..

21. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 21 Health endpoints Mortality (PM2.5, ozone) Morbidity –chronic bronchitis (PM10) –restricted activity days (PM2.5) –lower respiratory symptoms days (PM10, ozone) –Minor restricted days (ozone) YOLL 52,000 € mean 120,000 € 190,000 € 83 €/day 38 €/day

22. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 22 Annual health loss

23. Frank de Leeuw, 14th AQ EIONET, October 2009 23 Recommendations include PM2.5 how to present? steamline input: AirBase UA cities & pop data selection of cities: all, >100k, >250k ? urban or total population? add health impact indicator?