1. How is matter cycled? Through living and non-living factors. Matter cannot be created or destroyed, but can be rearranged.

2. 4 Main Nutrient Cycles Oxygen

3. Why do we have to learn about the nutrient cycles? If the earth doesn’t recycle these nutrient then they will run out

4. Carbon Cycle

6. What are the two main steps of the carbon cycle? 1 st Step: Photosynthesis 2 nd Step: Cellular Respiration

7. Photosynthesis Summative Equation (Words) Water+ Glucose + Oxygen Sunlight Energy Carbon dioxide Reactants What is needed Products What is produced

8. Cell Respiration Summative Equation (Words) Water + Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide Reactants Need? Products Produced? + ATP

9. Carbon Sinks What is a carbon sink? – Anything that stores more carbon than it releases Examples: – Oceans – Atmosphere – Plants

10. Three cycles within the carbon cycle a. Producers and Consumers

11. Three cycles within the carbon cycle b. Decomposers

12. Three cycles within the carbon cycle c. Fossil Fuels

16. What is the Greenhouse Effect? Greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun and keep the earth warm and habitable. Humans are adding greenhouse gases (carbon) to the atmosphere, causing the temperature at the surface of the earth to increase.

17. Oxygen Cycle oxygen respiration carbon dioxide photosynthesis

18. Why do we care about the oxygen cycle? Necessary for human life (and many other living organisms) Creates Carbon Dioxide for photosynthesis

19. Where does oxygen come from? PHOTOSYNTHESIS

20. What are the two main steps of the Oxygen cycle?

21. What are the two main steps of the oxygen cycle? 1 st Step: Photosynthesis 2 nd Step: Cellular Respiration

22. Photosynthesis Summative Equation (Words) Water+ Glucose + Oxygen Sunlight Energy Carbon dioxide Reactants What is needed Products What is produced

23. Cell Respiration Summative Equation (Words) Water + Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide Reactants Need? Products Produced? + ATP

25. The carbon & oxygen cycle work together

26. Hydroglogic (water) Cycle* Circular path of water on earth Life cannot exist without water

27. Why do we care about the water cycle? Water is necessary for life!

28. The hydrologic cycle can be divided into 5 main steps Condensation Precipitation Infiltration Runoff Evaporation (transpiration)

29. Water Cycle

30. Transpiration Condensation Precipitation Run-off Infiltration Evaporation

31. Nitrogen Cycle

32. Why do we care about nitrogen? It is the primary component of protein, ATP, DNA & RNA

34. If most of the atmosphere is nitrogen, why do we need to recycle it through the biosphere? N 2 has a strong triple bond Must be “fixed” and turned into a usable form (Converting N2 into usable forms is called fixation

35. How is nitrogen “fixed”? TWO METHODS – Abiotic Fixation 1) Lightning Strikes How much atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) is fixed by lightning? 1/7 th What is the equation for this?

36. How is nitrogen “fixed” TWO METHODS 2) Nitrogen fixing bacteria How much atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) is fixed by bacteria? 6/7 th What is the equation for this?

37. Biotic Fixation Continued… N2 can also enter the soil from the atmosphere Some plants have symbiotic bacteria (Rhizodium) that changes N2 to Ammonia – Clover, alfalfa, soy beans, chick peas Ammonia is used by plants as nutrients

38. There’s also bacteria in the soil that “fixes” nitrogen Organic matter can also decompose – returning nitrogen to the soil

41. Label Each Cycle 1. 2. Carbon & Oxygen

42. Label Each Cycle 3. 4. Nitrogen Carbon & Oxygen

43. 7. 8. --> Water

44. Nitrogen Game Groups 3 Playing piece represents a nitrogen atom Start at #1 with your playing piece Flip coins and follow instructions on Appendix A

45. Don’t just follow the numbers! Go where the coins tell you! Two or more players can occupy the same space Once your piece gets back to atmosphere – you’ve completed one cycle

46. WHAT AM I SUPPOSED TO DO? Use colored pencils to keep track of the different cycles (pathways) your nitrogen atom follows Use a new color each time you start a new cycle