1. Detection of Amnionless Protein in Kidney Sections
Acknowledgements as well.
Maybe an animation to replace the authors. A bump
Authors
Natasha Tonge
Dr. Roberta Rivi

2. Harlem Children Society
Acknowledgements
Dr. Roberta Rivi
Dr. Sat Bhattacharya
Dr. Katia Manova
Dr. Betul Altay-Ozer
Harlem Children Society
Elizabeth Lacy Lab
MSKCC
The purpose of the study is. We do that going through this process : the steps of which are written on the star or circle.
The summary should be basic bullet points, a literal couple of words that will be easy to remember though the talk about them will be longer.
This is an experiment in histology. Using such and such we compared a wild type mouse kidney to a mutant exposed to enu and try to detect the presence of megalin in its kidney.

3. Wax in a Different Context
Tissue sample is embedded in paraffin wax
Is it possible to have something point to each word as they are defined?
The talk part should give a brief “history” while the written should be few words.
I’d like to review some terms before we proceed.
Can the previous definition be made smaller? Not unless Flash is used it seems.

4. Wax in a Different Context
Tissue sample embedded in paraffin wax
Sliced with microtome
Sliced with microtome - standard 5-12 micrometers. These samples are 8 micrometers thin. Diameter of human hair at its smallest is about 17

5. Wax in a Different Context
Tissue sample embedded in paraffin wax
Sliced with microtome
Placed in Tissue bath
Is it possible to have something point to each word as they are defined?
The talk part should give a brief “history” while the written should be few words.
I’d like to review some terms before we proceed.
Can the previous definition be made smaller? Not unless Flash is used it seems.

6. Wax in a Different Context
Tissue sample embedded in paraffin wax
Sliced with microtome
Placed in Tissue bath
Mounted on a slide
Is it possible to have something point to each word as they are defined?
The talk part should give a brief “history” while the written should be few words.
I’d like to review some terms before we proceed.
Can the previous definition be made smaller? Not unless Flash is used it seems.

7. Wax in a Different Context
Tissue sample embedded in paraffin wax
Sliced with microtome
Placed in Tissue bath
Mounted on a slide
Automatically Processed
Is it possible to have something point to each word as they are defined?
The talk part should give a brief “history” while the written should be few words.
I’d like to review some terms before we proceed.
Can the previous definition be made smaller? Not unless Flash is used it seems.

8. Antibodies in a Different Context
Immunohistochemistry - a process used to detect proteins in a tissue section.
Antigen - a substance that provokes an immune response
Antibody – the protein complex that binds to antigens
Enzyme - A protein that speeds up a chemical reaction.
Start with a human cell. Then add an antibody from another animal . Say a rabbit. Then add an antibody from yet another animal. Like a goat with an enzyme attached to it. When that enzyme comes in contact with a substrate a color change is induced. In the case of this experiment, our initial antigen was a short protein chain in the proximal tubule of a mouse kidney. Discovery
Substrate - The chemical that induces the chemical reaction

9. Antibodies in a Different Context
Immunohistochemistry - a process used to detect proteins in a tissue section.
Antigen - a substance that provokes an immune response
Antibody – the protein complex that binds to antigens
Enzyme - A protein that speeds up a chemical reaction.
Substrate - The chemical that induces the chemical reaction
primary antibody
Start with a human cell. Then add an antibody from another animal . Say a rabbit. Then add an antibody from yet another animal. Like a goat with an enzyme attached to it. When that enzyme comes in contact with a substrate a color change is induced. In the case of this experiment, our initial antigen was a short protein chain in the proximal tubule of a mouse kidney. Discovery
secondary antibody
enzyme
substrate
Antigen

10. The Anatomy of the Kidney
Ammnionless - protein located on the proximal tubule.
Proximal Tubule - close to the glomerulus.
Cortex - outer region of the kidney. Most likely to find the glomerulus and proximal tubule here.
Medula - inner region of the kidney. Lacks ammnionless.
The mouse kidney was the antigen in this case.

11. The Kidney in Focus (more or less)

12. The Kidney in Focus (more or less)

13. The Past and Future of this Experiment
To Detect Amnionless in Kidney Sections:
Tissue samples are sectioned, placed on slides and stained
The staining process, immunohistochemistry, makes use of antibodies to induce a color change
That color change enabled us to see the location of the proximal tubules in the kidney sections.
In future experiments the same process will be used to
pinpoint mutations in abnormal mouse tissue.

14. Bibliography
(altered by Natasha Tonge)

15. Fin