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Part 1: Overview of Cells, Cell Membrane http://wps.aw.com/bc_marieb_ehap_9/79/20307/5198801.cw/index.html
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Cells 1) Name the four elements that make up the bulk of living matter and list several trace elements. 2) Define cell, organelle, and inclusion. 3) Identify on a cell model or diagram the three major cell regions (nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane). 4) List the structures of the nucleus and explain the function of chromatin and nucleoli. 5) Identify the organelles on a cell model or describe them, and discuss the major function of each.
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Basic unit of structure & function 200 different cell types Made of C, O, H, N + trace elements 3 main parts: 1. Plasma membrane 2. Cytoplasm 3. Nucleus
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Function: enclose cell contents, control exchange of substances with environment, cell communication Made of: Lipid bilayer Cholesterol Glycolipids Proteins
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Proteins float in fluid lipid bilayer
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1. Phospholipid 1. Phospholipid: hydrophilic Polar/hydrophilic (water-loving) “head” hydrophobic Nonpolar/hydrophobic (water-fearing) “tail”
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2. Cholesterol 20% of membrane lipid Stabilize membrane Maintain fluidity
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3. Glycolipids Lipid + sugar attached 5% membrane lipid For cell recognition glycolipid
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1. Integral Proteins Inserted into lipid bilayer Have both hydrophilic & hydrophobic regions Functions Functions: enzymes, transport, receptors (relay messages) integral proteins
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2. Peripheral Proteins Attached loosely to membrane Functions Functions: support, enzymes, movement, linkage peripheral protein
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protein + sugar attached Serves as specific biological marker cell recognition glycoprotein
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Transport
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Receive chemical messages
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Maintain cell shape
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Enzyme activity
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Intercellular joining
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Cell-cell recognition “ID tags”
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