1. Major Battles Campaigns of the European Theater

2. Origins of North Africa Fought over Suez Canal Began in Oct. 1935 Italy attacked Ethiopia Britain and Italy fought on border of Libya and Egypt

3. Britain Britain had over 100,000 troops More organized and better trained In 2 months, advanced 500 miles, 10 Italian divisions, and 130,000 prisoner Battle of Britain reached climax, Britain reinforced in North Africa

4. U.S. Joins In Started on Nov. 8 th,1942 Dwight D. Eisenhower was in charge and George S. Patton controlled the West force Objectives were to capture Tunis and port/airfield Bizerte Eisenhower became Supreme Commander of all Allied forces in Mediterranean west of Tripoli

5. Major Battles Operation Torch was U.S. involvement to attack North Africa Operation Brevity was to gain Halfaya Pass on Egypt’s border Operation Battleaxe was to pass through Halfaya Pass to Sollum November 8, the largest amphibious operation in history to that time Operation Lightfoot was the Battle at El Alamien

6. Point of North Africa Control of Vichy: Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia provide bases were Allies could do air operations to protect Mediterranean shipping and strategic bombing in Europe Invasion of North Africa would give combat experience for U.S troops against a military inferior to the German Wehrmacht.

7. Gen. Erwin Rommel with the 15th Panzer DivisionGen. Erwin Rommel with the 15th Panzer Division between Tobruk and Sidi Omar. Sdf. Zwilling, Libya "General Bernard L. Montgomery watches his tanks move up." North Africa, November 1942General Bernard L. Montgomery watches his tanks move up "From Coast Guard-manned "sea-horse" landing craft, American troops leap forward to storm a North African beach during final amphibious maneuvers.From Coast Guard-manned "sea-horse" landing craft

8. Battle of Stalingrad Turning point on Eastern Front Started on Aug. 24 1942 1.1 million causalities, 485,000 dead (Just Soviet Union)

9. Germany Point of Stalingrad was to control the river by gunfire and to destroy the city's arms factories Harsh terrain made it hard to transport people and tanks Cold winters Hitler refused to give up Unnecessary from a military point of view

10. Soviet Union Defensive battle Turning point of the war Encirlcled the Germans to trap them and forced them to surrender

11. Outcome 294,000 men trapped at Stalingrad 91,000 became prisoners and less than 5,000 survived and weren’t released until 1955 Axis lost over 500,000 men and Soviets lost 485,000 and 1.1 million causalities Turning point in the war German prisoners of war

12. Bibliography http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/animations/wwtw o_map_n_africa/index_embed.shtmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/animations/wwtw o_map_n_africa/index_embed.shtml http://www.usatwar.abc- clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=21&entryid=9 61013&searchtext=north+africa&type=simple&option=allhttp://www.usatwar.abc- clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=21&entryid=9 61013&searchtext=north+africa&type=simple&option=all http://www.usatwar.abc- clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=21&entryid=7 59120&searchtext=north+africa&type=simple&option=allhttp://www.usatwar.abc- clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=21&entryid=7 59120&searchtext=north+africa&type=simple&option=all http://www.usatwar.abc- clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=21&entryid=7 58957&searchtext=stalingrad&type=simple&option=allhttp://www.usatwar.abc- clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=21&entryid=7 58957&searchtext=stalingrad&type=simple&option=all