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10/1/2015 Compare and Contrast 3 aspects of Egyptian and Sumerian culture. Which would you rather live in? Why?
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E MPIRES OF THE F ERTILE C RESCENT
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A KKADIANS B ABYLONIANS 2330 B.C. First to conquer Sumerians Spread empire to Mediterranean Lasted 150 Years 1792 B.C. Conquered by Hammurabi Babylon Code of Hammurabi: Laws “Eye for an Eye” Religion was based on success Priests could see future
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H ITTITES A SSYRIANS 1600 B.C. War-Like People from Asia Minor Had to pay a fine for breaking law Allowed religious freedom Too far from home to stay – remained powerful force 900-650 B.C. King had ALL power Mighty Empire Included all of Israel/Egypt Used chariots and cavalry Enslaved people & killed captured soldiers Destroyed Babylon Eventually civil war tore them apart
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C HALDEANS P ERSIANS 615-540 B.C. Nebuchadnezzar Rebuilt Babylon Trading flourished Became very wealthy Smart in: Math Astronomy 539-330 B.C. Biggest Empire ever in that point in history Persian Kings: Fair with taxes/law Religious freedom Built roads to link everything Greece eventually conquered them
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City-states each governed by a different King Region had little fertile land and Lebanon Mtns. blocked the way, so they turned to trading on the sea Seaports of Tyre and Sidon became world famous
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Their ships weren’t awesome, but their sailors were highly skilled Became the greatest traders in the ancient world Established colonies all over the Mediterranean region which became the centers for trade North Africa Sicily Sardinia Malta Spain
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Important natural resource….lumber The Lebanon Mtns. were full of cedar trees Skilled in metal - gold and silver Invented the art of glassblowing Shellfish gathered to make purple dye Favorite color of the rich and royal Became known as royal purple Exported other goods - fish, linen, olive oil, and wine
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Government and customs resembled those of Egyptians and Babylonians They believed in an afterlife Wanted to be in good favor with a God so…. They even sacrificed their own children Never had a major empire and eventually conquered by the Assyrians BUT….. One major contribution was……?
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Became the model for our alphabet Developed the use of writing in their businesses To draw up contracts and record bills Advantage? They kept records of transactions! Greeks adopted it – vowel sounds Finally Romans got a hold of it – what we have now
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Western portion of Asia Minor was called Lydia They had one huge contribution to history…..?
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600 B.C. - First civilization to coin money Originally used salt, shells, or stones Began issuing small kidney-bean-shaped pieces of gold and silver Soon stamped them with pictures of rulers and values Why is this important?
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Before money, traders had to rely on barter Barter: The exchange of one good or service for another Two people could strike a bargain only if each could offer goods or services that the other wanted Use of money allowed traders to set prices for goods and services thus developing a money economy: Based on using money with value
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