1. Adolf Hitler’s Rise to Power
Nazi Germany
Adolf Hitler’s Rise to Power

2. Germany and the World

3. The Birth of a Dictator Adolf Hitler Born April 20th, 1889 Vienna
Not a good student, rejected from Art school….twice
Core of his ideas was racism, especially anti-Semitism
Extreme nationalist (Yay Germany!)
After WWI and 4 years of service, enter politics (Uh-oh)

4. Adolf Hitler during World War I

5. Adolf Hitler’s Early Political Career
1919 joins small political party called German Workers’ Party, a Right-wing Extremist Group located in Munich, Germany
1921 taken control of the party, renamed the National Socialist Workers’ Party (NAZI for short)
2 yr. period membership grows to 55,000 members, w/15,000 as part of militia(SA, Stormtroopers, Brownshirts)

6. The Beer Hall Putsch
November 1923 staged an armed uprising against Munich gov’t
Quickly crushed by gov’t
Hitler sentenced to prison (Oh no!?) Don’t worry he only spends a little time in jail, about 9 months
Jailtime = Time to write…Mein Kampf (My Struggle) An exposé into the mind of a crazed madman!
Mein Kampf: extreme German nationalism, strong anti-Semitism, anti-communism, and Lebensraum; Hitler’s beliefs and values

7. Hitler’s Light Bulb Moment
While in prison, he realizes that to take control of the gov’t he is going to have to do it through non-violent means!
The growth of the Nazi Party:
Hitler expands the party to all of Germany
1929 – National Party Organization
1932 – 800,000 members; largest party in German Reichstag

8. Hitler’s Promise to the German People
A New Germany
Return to greatness!
National Pride & Honor
Traditional Militarism
The Power of Words; Hitler was a great orator
“When the speech was over, there was roaring enthusiasm and applause —How many look up to him with touching faith as their helper, their saviour, their deliverer from unbearable distress.”

9. Victories of Nazism 1930 German gov’t ruled by decree w/ a President
Reichstag not as powerful as Hitler thought; time to shake things up a bit
Right-wing elites, the industrial leaders, landed aristocrats, military officers, and higher bureaucrats looked to Hitler for leadership
1933 – Nazi party has enough pressure on President Hindenburg, that he appoints Hitler to the position of Chancellor of Germany, thus allowing Hitler to create a new Gov’t! (Not good, bad move!)

10. The Final Blows Within 2 months Hitler passes the Enabling Act
Enabling Act: law gave the government the power to ignore the constitution for four years while it issued laws to deal with the country’s problems
New powers gave Hitler the ability to quickly bring all institutions under his control
Purge of Jews & democratic elements in gov’t
Concentration Camps: Large prison camps organized for people who opposed the new regime
1934 – Death of President Hindenburg; office of the president is abolished

11. The Rise of Dictators

12. The Fuhrer (Leader) in Power
Development of Totalitarian state
Development of Aryan race
How was he going to do it?
Active involvement of the German people
Economic policies
Mass spectacles
Propaganda
Organizations
Terror

13. Heinrich Himmler & the SS
Schutzstaffeln (“Guard Squadrons”) – the SS
originally created as Hitler’s personal bodyguard
Heinrich Himmler: director of the SS, controls secret police force and the regular police force
Based on 2 Principles:
Terror: included repression & murder
Ideology: a set of conscious and unconscious ideas that constitute one's goals, expectations, and actions
Himmler, the chief goal of the SS was to further the Aryan master race

14. Hitler’s Economy Public works Private grants to construction companies
Rearmament
Unemployment had reached a record high 6 million 1932
Less than 500,000 by 1937

15. Hitler’s Spectacles & Organizations
Nuremburg rallies, held every September
Used to make German people an instrument of policy
Institutions:
Church
Schools
Universities
Civic Organizations
Professional Organizations

16. Women in Nazism
Women were crucial as the bearers of future Nazi children
Nazism believed men = warriors/leaders & women = wives/mothers
Nazi ideology determined women’s job opportunities
Heavy industry
University teaching
Medicine
Law
Encouraged to pursue Social Work & Nursing jobs

17. Anti-Semitic Policies
From the beginning, the Nazi Party followed strong Anti-Semitic beliefs
Nuremburg Laws: excluded Jews from German citizenship and forbade marriages between Jews and German citizens; beginning in 1941, German Jews were also required to wear yellow Stars of David and to carry identification cards saying they were Jewish
Kristallnacht: “Night of Shattered Glass,” Nov. 9th, Nazi night of Rampage against Jews, burned synagogues and businesses, killed about 100 Jews, 30,000 males rounded up and sent to Concentration Camps

18. Kristallnacht and its Aftermath
Kristallnacht led to further drastic action
Jews banned from all public transportation, public buildings including schools and hospitals
Jews prohibited from owning, managing, or working in any retail store
Jews forced to clean up all debris & damage due to Kristallnacht
Under direction of SS, Jews encouraged to “emigrate from Germany” (leave)