1. R.Greaves EC EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS Common Customs Tariff (CCT) Common Commercial Policy (CCP)

2. R.Greaves COMMON CUSTOMS TARIFF Uniform system of tariffs In place since July 1968 Classification of goods Valuation rules of goods Origin rules of goods Community Customs Code.. 1992 Regulation

3. R.Greaves EXTERNAL RELATIONS Arts 131-135 EC Treaty Association Agreements with 3rd countries Co-operation with international organisations

4. R.Greaves ARTICLE 131 EC TREATY By establishing a customs union between themselves Member States aim to contribute, in the common interest, to the harmonious development of world trade, the progressive abolition of restrictions on international trade and the lowering of customs barriers. The common commercial policy shall take into account the favourable effect which the abolition of customs duties between Member States may have on the increase in the competitive strength of undertakings in those States.

5. R.Greaves LEGAL PERSONALITY & COMPETENCES Art 281 EC Treaty Express powers – Art 133 EC Treaty Implied powers: ERTA Case, Case 22/70 Opinion 1/76 Open Skies Agreement C-476/98

6. R.Greaves COMMON COMMERCIAL POLICY Art 133 1. The common commercial policy shall be based on uniform principles, particularly in regard to changes in tariff rates, the conclusion of tariff and trade agreements, the achievement of uniformity in measures of liberalisation, export policy and measures to protect trade such as those to be taken in the event of dumping or subsidies. 2. The Commission shall submit proposals to the Council for implementing the common commercial policy.

7. R.Greaves SCOPE OF THE CCP Inseparable link with internal free movement of goods Rules of origin main tool on principle of uniformity of treatment with 3rd countries Trade in goods

8. R.Greaves SCOPE OF CCP cont’d Sociaal Fonds…. Dutch Diamond Case [1973] Aim: to contribute to harmonious development of world trade and progressive removal of barriers Opinion 1/94 (WTO Opinion)

9. R.Greaves COMMON TRADE RULES Regulation 2603/69 on the export regime Regulation 3285/94 on the import regime

10. R.Greaves Trade Agreements Preferential agreements Mediterranean Developing countries Lome Convention EC/EFTA US, Japan & China|

11. R.Greaves EC Trade Defence Measures Anti-dumping Regulation 384/1996 Anti-subsidy (Counterveiling) Regulation 2026/97 NB Regulation 461/2004 amending further above 2 Safeguard Measures - Regulation 3285/94 Trade Barriers Regulation – Regulation 3286/94