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Observation & Inference. Observations Any information collected with the senses. The skill of describing scientific events.

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Presentation on theme: "Observation & Inference. Observations Any information collected with the senses. The skill of describing scientific events."— Presentation transcript:

1 Observation & Inference

2 Observations Any information collected with the senses. The skill of describing scientific events.

3 Inference Conclusions or deductions based on observations. The process of drawing a conclusion from given evidence.

4 Tracks like these are common in parts of New England and in the southwestern United States. What do you OBSERVE? What can you INFER?

5 Now what do you think?

6 Source of graphic: http://bob.nap.edu/html/evolution98/evol6-e.html observations. http://bob.nap.edu/html/evolution98/evol6-e.html

7 Observations Observations: We use our senses to gather information about the world around us. There are two types of observations.

8 Qualitative Qualitative observation: (quality) Usually made with our senses. Color, shape, feel, taste, sound. Examples: Olivia is wearing a red sweater. The lab tabletop is smooth. The dog’s fur is shiny.

9 Quantitative Quantitative observation: (quantity) How many? Will always have a number. Based on exact measurement. Examples: The room is 8 meters across. Sarah is 141-cm tall. Sam weighs 450 Newtons.

10 Inferences Inference: A logical interpretation of an event that is based on observations and prior knowledge. A conclusion drawn from observations.

11 Making Inferences You are at the counter in the office to get a bus pass signed. You see a student leave the principal’s office crying and upset. We could make an inference as to why the student is upset. Could be in trouble (ISS, OSS, expelled) Family problems at home (sick, accident) Student not feeling well Student has poor grades (failing, retention)

12 Observation VS Inferences –Observation – Based on the five senses: Sight Smell Touch Taste Hearing –Inference – Based on prior knowledge or opinion

13 Observation vs Inference List 3 Observations List 3 Inferences

14 Observation vs Inference List 3 Observation and 3 Inferences

15 Observation vs Inference List 3 Observation List 3 Inferences

16 Observation vs Inference List 3 Observation List 3 Inferences

17 Observation vs Inference List 3 Observation List 3 Inferences

18 Resources: http://teachers.henrico.k12.va.us/highland springs/meade_j/Units/Unit%201/Unit%20 1,%20Part%201%20Notes.PPT#289,43,E xperimental Design http://www.cobb.k12.ga.us/~dickerson/sci %20method.ppt#256,1,Scientific Method

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