1. Chapter 2 Data in Science

2. Section 1: Tools and Models

3. Vocabulary mass amount of matter in an object volume amount of space something occupies measure of the size of an object in a 3D space density amount of a matter in a given volume D = mass/volume D= m/v

4. Vocabulary temperature measurement of how hot/cold substance is model representation of object or a system

5. Vocabulary theory a system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence Law descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions

6. Tools in Science Need to be accurate use the proper tool

7. Making Measurements International System of Units aka “metric system” based on multiples of 10

8. Making Measurements Length meter (m) Mass kilogram (kg) 1 kg = 2.2 lbs volume liter ( L ) 1 mL = 1 cm³

9. Density ratio of mass to volume amount of matter inside

10. Models in Science used to simplify complex concepts physical sketch or scale train mathematical weather economics conceptual big bang theory

11. Models in science Right size models help to make large items easy to see models brings to life unseen concepts sound waves Limitations only as good as information put into it

12. Making Scientific Progress Models: summarize info tool for communication

13. Making Scientific Progress Scientific Theory based upon repeated tests of a hypothesis explains and predicts Law summary of multiple experiments tells you how things work stronger than theory

14. Section 2: Organizing Data

15. Vocabulary independent variable dependent variable axis

16. Vocabulary independent variable the factor that is deliberately manipulated dependent variable the factor that changes as a result of the independent variable being changed

17. Vocabulary axis one of two reference lines that mark the borders of a graph. Dependent Variable Independent Variable

18. Creating a Data Table organization is key gather data from research data table with 2 columns independent variable goes on x-axis factor that is changed in an experiment dependent variables goes on y axis changes as a result of the independent variable

19. Creating a Data Table Controlled parameter factors that stay constant throughout the experiment variable parameter factors that change in an experiment

20. Creating a Graph highly visual easy format to see information Axis x-axis is horizontal x-axis is independent variable y-axis is vertical y-axis is dependent variable

21. Creating a table Range the extent of each variable subtract the smallest value from the largest value

22. Range: x axis: 6 days- 1 days = 5 days y axis 65 deg - 40 deg = 25 degrees

23. Creating a Table Scale each axis has its own scale factor Data Points plot data points first then find line of best fit captures the most data linear

24. Creating a Table Labels! each axis and a title

25. Patterns Shown by Graphs trend direction or pattern of data straight line = linear curved line = non-linear

26. Patterns Shown by a Graph Positive or Negative Relationship

27. Sec 3: Analyzing Your Data

28. vocabulary Mean Median Mode Slope

29. Vocabulary mean -the number obtained by adding up the data and dividing by the sum of the occurances. -aka… AVERAGE -median -middle number when data arranged in order from lowest to highest

30. Vocabulary mode -most frequently occurring value slope -measure of the steepness of a line -ratio of rise over run

31. Why Mathematics? Math is international language measures properties exact patterns can be seen

32. Accuracy of Data make sure tools are functioning correct make sure you are using tool properly

33. Reproducing Data data must be reproducible in future experiments verifies the results

34. Describing Data Sets  mean  average  find the mean of  26, 20, 15, 27

35. Describing Data Set  median  the middle number

36. Describing Data Set Mode ➔ number that appears most often

37. Slope of a Line ➔ rate of change ➔ slant of a line ◆ rise over run ◆ change of y values divided by the change of x values

38. Slope of a Line Positive, Negative, or horizontal lines