Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byPhoebe Parsons Modified over 9 years ago
1
Nuclear Chemistry
2
The Atom The atom consists of two parts: 1. The nucleus which contains: 2. Orbiting electrons. protons neutrons
3
X A Z Mass number Atomic number Element symbol = number of protons + number of neutrons = number of protons
4
U 235 92 U 238 92 There are many types of uranium: Mass # Atomic # Number of protons Number of neutrons Mass # Atomic # Number of protons Number of neutrons 235 92 143 146 92 238
5
Same number of protons but different number of neutrons is an….. ISOTOPE
6
Most naturally occurring isotopes are stable.
7
Atoms want to be stable
8
Determined by ratio of p + to n 0 Nucleus Stability
9
Radioactive Decay (radioactivity) Unstable nuclei decomposes into stable nuclei Half- Life is the time it takes for this decay to occur.
10
an alpha particle ( ), a beta particle ( ), or a gamma ray Radioactive Decay emits:
11
When an unstable atom creates an alpha particle. Alpha particle is identical to that of a helium nucleus. It contains two protons and two neutrons. Alpha Decay He 4 2
12
Alpha Decay Ra 226 88 Rn 222 86 He 4 2
13
X A Z Y A - 4 Z - 2 + He 4 2 Alpha Decay unstable atom more stable atom alpha particle
14
Alpha Decay Ra 226 88 + He 4 2 Th 230 90 U 234 92 Th 230 90 + He 4 2 + Pb 214 82 He 4 2 Po 218 84
15
Beta Decay Beta particle is a fast moving electron created when a n 0 changes into a p + & e - When an unstable atom creates a beta particle.
16
Beta Decay Po 218 84 0 At 218 85
17
X A Z Y A Z + 1 + 0 Beta Decay unstable atom more stable atom beta particle
18
Beta Decay Bi 210 83 Po 210 84 + 0 -1 Pb 210 82 Tl 210 81 + 0 Pa 234 91 Th 234 90 + 0
19
Gamma Decay Not a charged particle it is energy, it’s a photon. Electromagnetic radiation with high frequency
20
Draw the correct wave
21
Symbol CompositionRangeShield Alpha Particle He or α Helium nucleus Beta Particle Gamma Ray short Paper, skin
22
Symbol CompositionRangeShield Alpha Particle He or α Helium nucleus Beta Particle e - or β Electron Gamma Ray short Paper, skin Heavy Clothing, glass, light metals, plastic
23
Symbol CompositionRangeShield Alpha Particle He or α Helium nucleus Beta Particle e - or β Electron Gamma Ray Photons (electromagnetic spectrum) short Paper, skin Heavy Clothing, glass, light metals, plastic Long Lead or concrete
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.