1. Meet The Bard and Understand his Time Period

2. The Elizabethan Era London a very busy, walled city A time of internal peace in the country Exploration of the world was growing The New World Gold, spices, and other resources Trade Piracy Re-birth of arts and sciences Poetry and literature Theatre very popular Bear baiting also popular Plagues 1592-1594 and 1613, closed the theatres

3. Elizabethan Fashion "She must be stifling in that thing"

4. Fit on your farthingales!

5. Smooth your stomachers!

6. Don your Doublet

7. Tighten your trussing!

8. Get on your galligaskins!

9. Remember your ruffs!

10. Slip on your shoes! And grab your gloves!

11. Elizabeth I: The Virgin Queen Daughter of Henry VIII reigned from 1558 to 1603 never married liberal minded enjoyed theatre wrote plays for special performances sponsored explorers, like Sir Frances Drake and Sir Walter Raleigh was a very strong and positive ruler

12. James VI & I son of Mary Queen of Scots (who Elizabeth had executed for attempting to overthrow her) Was king of Scotland at 1 year old (James VI of Scotland) was named king of England after Elizabeth’s death (James I of England) first king of both Scotland and England Wrote poems and plays Wrote Daemonology and The Trew Law of Free Monarchies Was a frequent theatre goer Had a huge impact on Shakespeare’s Macbeth A romantic sailed from Leith with a three-hundred- strong retinue to fetch Anne of Denmark personally

13. William Shakespeare: The Man Born April 23 rd, 1564 in Stratford-on-Avon Family was wealthy Probably attended free grammar school until 15 Married Anne Hathaway November 27 th, 1582 She was 8 years older than him! They had 3 children Susanna, & twins Hamnet and Judith Died on his 52 nd birthday in Stratford-on-Avon Prize if you can tell me what year that was!

14. Stratford-on-Avon William and Anne’s House in Stratford Trinity Church, where Shakespeare is buried

15. Shakespeare: The Poet He first gained fame as a poet Probably wrote many of his poems during the London plague when the theatres were closed Wrote long romantic narrative poems and Sonnets Shakespearian Sonnets are named after him because he created that style (form) of Sonnet Dedicated many of his poems to the Earl of Southampton – he was Shakespeare’s patron

16. Shakespeare: The Actor From 1585 to 1605 he was an actor in London Member of the acting company the Lord Chamberlain’s Men (which became the King’s Men when James became king) During the plagues this company travelled around the country and in Europe to perform Made most of his money as an actor and a producer, not a playwright As an actor he had to be an expert in Fencing Tumbling Dancing Elocution Acting Music

17. Shakespeare: The Playwright Wrote about 36 plays Number is not clear because they were not published until after his death and “bootlegged” version appeared in various theatres Shakespeare was not associated with Probably wrote in taverns, to save on the cost of candles Which gave him rousing inspiration in the form of the people who frequented taverns Genius: Understood people Skilled with words Used classical works as his inspiration, but made it personal and local Sense of drama Approached writing from an actor’s point of view He knew what would please his audiences

18. His Contribution to English He invented 32,000 words. We use about 5,000 today. He invented phrases: I couldn’t sleep a wink. He was dead as a doornail. She’s a tower of strength. They hoodwinked us. I’m green-eyed with jealousy. We’d better lie low for awhile. Keep a civil tongue in your head. Leapfrog is an example of a compound word invented by Shakespeare.

19. The Stage No curtain Afternoon performances to use natural lighting End of scenes were indicated by rhyming couplets or a change of actors No scenery: actors relied on costumes and elaborate props Used trap doors, scaffolding, etc as special effects Most of the audience paid a penny to stand in the courtyard “The Gentry” sat in the galleries (more expensive) Food and drink sold The Globe Theatre

20. The Globe Theater 1599 Burned in 1613

21. The New Globe Theater 1999

22. Terms Aside: a speech made by a character revealing his/her true thoughts or intentions spoken in the presence of other characters, but directed to the audience (the other characters can’t hear it) Blank Verse: 5 feet to a line (each beat consists of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented one also called Iambic Pentameter Dramatis Personae: cast of characters in the play Exeunt: a stage direction that means “they go out” several characters leave the stage Pun: a play on words of similar sound, in which one word is used with 2 or more different meanings What do you do when your wheels wear out? Retire. What did the boss say when he sold the carnival? It was a fair deal. Soliloquy: a speech made by a character alone on stage which reveals his/her innermost thoughts

23. Tragedy The balance of the world is upset. Order must be restored. Justice tends to be punitive The Tragic Hero is isolated, pitted against all other forces It involves catastrophe (everyone dies), hamartia, and nemesis The central feeling of a tragedy is the impression of waste

24. The Tragic Hero Definition: a great and good man whose noble qualities have won him admiration, but who, because of fatal flaws in his nature, is swept to destruction and causes tragedy in the lives of others. As a result, he must forfeit his life to make amends for his transgressions and his awareness of his flaw Hamartia: the action or lack of action which brings about the downfall of the tragic hero Nemesis: Retributive Justice or Vengeance, any situation or condition that one cannot change or triumph over, or an agent or act of punishment.