1. Guidelines for planning for water for livelihoods: Zimbabwe Mr. F.S Makoni MUS meeting 22-23 November 2010, Hague

2. Outline Introduction The guide Implementation of the guidelines Experiences Conclusion MUS meeting 22-23 Nov

3. Introduction People need water to meet various needs- domestic and productive use Importance of small scale productive use In the past water services did not take these in account Water services planning- need to accommodate these uses. In Zimbabwe various organisations have taken livelihood approach to water supply services- high water table areas. MUS meeting 22-23 Nov

4. Introduction Livelihood approaches have often been ad hoc with little clarity on types of use: The way of targeting, Sharing of costs which resulted in some inconsistency in addressing livelihoods between organisations. Thus the need for addressing livelihoods and water for multiple uses in a more structured way in water projects. 11th Waternet/WARFSA/GWP-SA symposium

5. Introduction The guideline aims to address water for livelihoods in a structured way in different steps of the project cycle. It is targeted towards DWSSC members, NGOs and it does not replace existing water supply provision Under the ZimWASH project this guide was developed, piloted and implemented in 6 districts. MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov

6. The Guide It has three parts: Conceptual framework which defines key concepts in relation to the provision of water for livelihoods Part 2: Addresses water and livelihoods in the project cycle: it gives an explanation of how to address livelihoods issues in each step. Part 3: tools and methods MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov

7. Part 1: conceptual framework Access to water and livelihoods Providing access Water resources Technology Community Institutions & regulations Financing arrangements and cost sharing MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov

8. Part 2: addressing water &livelihoods This part provides an approach for considering water and livelihoods in different steps of the project cycle. Awareness Assessment Action planning Implementation M&E MUS meeting 22-23 Nov

9. Part 3: Tools Community awareness FGDs User categorisation Community mapping Village water resource assessment Transect walk MUS meeting 22-23 Nov

10. Experiences Piloting of the guideline was carried to pre-test the usefulness of the tools: Two day training at district level Two day village assessments MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov

13. Experiences All the districts have developed plans for implementing water and livelihoods in structured manner. MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov

14. Experiences Figure 1 MUS meeting 22-23 Nov

15. Video: ZIMWASH MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov Figure 1

16. Conclusion action planning helped the DWSSC and the communities identify the livelihoods activities and also what actions they can take on their own and those that need external assistance. As way forward there is still need to support the DWSSC to roll out the action planning MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov

17. The End Thank You! MUS meeting 22-23 Nov

18. Back MUS meeting 22-23 Nov ActivityBy whomTime frameIndicatorMeans of verification Repair of existing water point a) fishing DDF, RDCThe DWSSC had to incorporate the livelihood action plan with their quarterly plan so they were asked to look into the plan and then put the time frame. Number of water points repaired Number functional of water points Reports Capacity building a) C.B.M b) & livelihoods training (management skills and crop and livestock production) c) PHHE d) VPMs and WPCs training Zaka DWSSC (Chairman/vice) Number of VPM, WPC and Health promoters trained. Reports Water seedingAgritex/E.M.A.Design and the structure Completion of and existing damDWSSCCompleted damReports and site visits

19. Back Figure 1: Water resources and livelihood matrix MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov Water resource Livelihood activity Drinking & cooking washingGardening Small Livestock Cattle rearing Brick moulding Irrigation Salt Panning pottery River √√√√√ Borehole √ Shallow wells Elephant pumps Water resources and livelihoods matrix

20. Back Figure 2: Village assessments MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov Water resources and livelihoods matrix Livelihood Activity Water sourceStatusChallengesStrategies to address challengesActions Immediate (early)Long term Gardening Boreholes & wells  Salinity  Shortage of water  Water reticulation from good sources  Sinking of more boreholes and wells  Deepening of wells  Sinking and deepening of wells  Drilling of borehole  Water reticulation  Poor market linkages  Transport costs  Formation of market groups  Carry out market research  Shortage of agro inputs  Establishment of supply  Perish ability of products  Lack of crop variety  Preservation/ processing  Establish pilot demo-gardens  Addition of value to products  Diversify garden products  Value addition IrrigationSave River Boreholes Non- functional  Non-availability of spares  Flooding damaging & silting canals  Damaged fences  Destruction of crops by wild and domestic roaming animals  Assess and construct embankments  Desiltation of canals  Rehabilitation of pumps ( engaged ZINWA)  Fencing for animals  Establishment of rapport between the community and the conservancy  Assessment of embankments  Desiltation of canals  Rehabilitation of pumps  Meeting of the community and conservancy  Construction of embankments  Rehabilitation of pumps ( engaged ZINWA)

21. Back Figure 2: Action planning MUS meeting 22- 23 Nov ActivityBy whomTime frameIndicatorMeans of verificationAssumption Village assessments (two village/ward in 8 wards) DWSSCOct-Dec 2010 Reports Village plans minutes Reports Minutes Activity budget Funds released early High community participation Water reticulationLocal NGOs and donorsBy May 2011Reticulated water Reports Invoices Interviews Certificate of completion There is a willing donor or NGOs Drilling of boreholes Wells sinking and deepening Local NGOs and donorsBy May 2011 New boreholes Upgraded wells Drilling of reports Certificate of completion There is a willing donor or NGOs Formation of market groupsWomen’s Affairs, Min of Youth, AGRITEX, Mercy Corps, RDC & local NGOs Oct – Dec 2010Market groups in placeReports Constitutions Membership Registers Bank accounts Villagers are willing to participate