1. Five Year Review 2003-2008 Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE The University of California http://InternationalOffice.berkeley.edu

2. BERKELEY INTERNATIONAL OFFICE (BIO) Vision In recognition of the importance of global understanding and in support of the university’s mission of excellence in teaching and research, Berkeley International Office strives to provide the highest level of service and programs. Mission Our mission is to enhance the academic experiences of international students and scholars by providing the highest levels of knowledge and expertise in advising, immigration services, advocacy, and programming to the UC Berkeley campus community. Key Services  Immigration and personal advising to over 3,000 non-degree and degree seeking international students, over 1,500 summer session students, and over 2,500 J visiting scholars  Issuance of visa documents to students and scholars  Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) reporting of F and J students and scholars  H-1 B, O-1 and TN petitions and advising on related regulations  Permanent Residency petitions and advising on related regulations  General programs and services to students and scholars that support their arrival, adjustment and academic life while attending the University of California, Berkeley  Advising and related services to campus administrators who work with international students and scholars Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

3. CONTENTS 1. Key Stakeholders Key Stakeholders 2. Growth Among Students and Scholars Growth Among Students and Scholars 3. Changes in Regulations Changes in Regulations 4. Strategic Plan Strategic Plan 5. Organizational Changes Organizational Changes 6. Budget Budget 7. Collaboration with Stakeholders Collaboration with Stakeholders 8. Present Initiatives Present Initiatives 9. Future Challenges Future Challen 10. Conclusion Conclusion Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

4. 1. KEY STAKEHOLDERS BIO College Deans HR/ Payroll HR/ Payroll Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO)

5. 2. GROWTH AMONG STUDENTS AND SCHOLARS A. All degree-seeking international students B. Graduate international students C. Undergraduate international students D. Summer Session international students E. International research scholars F. International visiting student researchers This period witnessed unprecedented growth across the international student and scholar community: Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO)

6. 2. GROWTH AMONG STUDENTS (A) All Degree – Seeking International Students Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE 28% growth over a five-year period Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO)

7.  4.3% overall growth among graduate international students 1792 1870 (B) Graduate International Students  slight decline between 2007-08 Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE 2. GROWTH AMONG STUDENTS

8. 656 (C) Undergraduate International Students Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE 2. GROWTH AMONG STUDENTS

9. (D) Summer Session International Students on F and J Visas Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE 2. GROWTH AMONG STUDENTS

10. 31% growth among all research scholars (E) International J-1 Research Scholars Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE 2. GROWTH AMONG SCHOLARS

11. (F) International Visiting Student Researchers (a subsection of international research scholars) Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) 366% growth among international visiting student researchers over a five year period Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE 2. GROWTH AMONG SCHOLARS

12. 3. CHANGES IN REGULATIONS A.U.S. Departments of State and Homeland Security B.Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) C.Background/Security Clearances D.Social Security Administration E.Department of Motor Vehicles Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) During this period there were multiple changes to regulations across various government agencies: Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

13.  Numerous changes to F and J regulations during this period – more changes than in the entire period since the passing of the Immigration and Nationality Act in 1954  Increased restrictions related to employment, travel and study  Greater scrutiny and reporting required of host institutions  Introduction of mandatory certification (and re-certification) of institutions to host international students and scholars; possibility of penalties or revocation of certifications for violations  Raised the bar on our delivery of services that required:  the addition of two student and scholar advisors to support the increased advising and document processing workload  the creation of a communications position to maintain web site, to communicate to stakeholders, and to develop self-guided tutorials for customers (A) At U.S. Departments of State and Homeland Security Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) 3. CHANGES IN REGULATIONS Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

14.  Introduced in January 2003  Database operated by the Department of Homeland Security  Collects and monitors information about international students and scholars; used for issuing F and J visas  Labor intensive and technology-based, resulting in the creation of three technical positions at BIO: 1. Programmer Analyst 2. SEVIS Coordinator 3. Computer Resource Specialist  Changed advisors’ roles to include a skill set that includes proficiency in database knowledge that allows them to issue visa documents and track student and scholar activity 3. CHANGES IN REGULATIONS (B) Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE Failure to comply with SEVIS reporting requirements could result in the institution’s loss of certification to host international students and scholars.

15.  “FBI Checks” on applicants for change of status or change to permanent residency delay the ability of applicants such as faculty to gain permanent residency quickly, thus depriving them of their ability to apply for certain grants and making travel to international conferences inconvenient.  “The Technology Alert List Checks” cause delays in the ability of students and scholars to secure entry or re-entry visas. Makes travel for personal visits or for conferences a hardship. Delays take up to 4 months and more. When a scholar is subjected to a security check, up to 4 months of research activity is lost If a student is affected, an entire semester can be missed. 3. CHANGES IN REGULATIONS: (C) Background and Security Clearances There is an absence of transparency in the process – FBI and Technology Alert List Checks are handled by an agency in Washington D.C. without any avenue to expedite these checks. Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

16.  Employment now required to be eligible for Social Security Number (SSN)  Employment verification letters by school officials now required for applications  Ineligibility for Social Security Number creates inconveniences e.g. obtaining driver licenses  Requires verification of SSN applicants with Homeland Security database causing delays  Independent Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) now being used as an alternative to the SSN but hard to obtain (D) At Social Security Administration 3. Changes in Regulations Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

17.  Introduction of the Real ID Act causing states to re- examine driver license provisions for non-residents  Spouses have difficulty obtaining a drivers license due to absence of a social security number – often get the “run-around”  Students and scholars are obtaining licenses that are limited to length of original program of study, causing problems for those who extend their stay 3. Changes in Regulations (E) At the Department of Motor Vehicles Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

18. 4. STRATEGIC PLAN A.Optimize and expand existing resources (people, money, time, space, and technology). B.Enhance the role of BIO as an active participant in support of the teaching, research and outreach mission of the University. C.Develop a clear internal and external identity that supports our vision. D.Build and foster good working and service relationships. In 2004 a strategic planning process was initiated; four key strategic goals were identified: Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

19. 4. STRATEGIC PLAN - ACCOMPLISHMENTS  Increased the revenue base of the unit by increasing recharge fees, renegotiating the summer session contract, and seeking temporary funding  Negotiated new contract with I-House to include more professional-looking, contiguous space and address overall costs – presently occupy 3,011 sq.ft.  Added key positions to the unit, changed the organizational structure to make it more agile, and Developed annual performance goals for staff  Organized staff retreats to enhance communication, engage in strategic planning, and to build team work  Invested in technology – developed the Non-Immigrant Form and the Ad Hoc Report Writer – sophisticated tools to enhance the work of the unit Goal A: Optimize and expand existing resources. Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) (people, money, time, space, and technology)

20. ORGANIZATIONAL CHART Ivor Emmanuel, Ph.D., Director Ivor Emmanuel, Ph.D., Director Jonathan Martinez, Computer Resource Specialist Lillian Torres, Business Manager /Analyst Lillian Torres, Business Manager /Analyst Marianne Callahan Financial Assistant Marianne Callahan Financial Assistant Laura Nikravesh, Communications Coordinator Laura Nikravesh, Communications Coordinator Maggie Mead Int’l Case Coordinator Maggie Mead Int’l Case Coordinator Ally Wu SEVIS Coordinator Ally Wu SEVIS Coordinator Don Bernstein, Programmer Analyst Don Bernstein, Programmer Analyst Ron Reeves, Scholar Adviser – H1 B visas Lillian Otsuka Int’l Case Coordinator (20%) Lillian Otsuka Int’l Case Coordinator (20%) Leticia Menchaca Int’l Case Coordinator Leticia Menchaca Int’l Case Coordinator Rosemary Yacono International Assistant Rosemary Yacono International Assistant Emeric Velasco International Assistant Emeric Velasco International Assistant Student Assistants 1.0 FTE Student Assistants 1.0 FTE Sook Hollingshead, Student & Scholar Adviser Sook Hollingshead, Student & Scholar Adviser Hierete Desta Int’l Case Coordinator Hierete Desta Int’l Case Coordinator Kaetlin Miller, Student & Scholar Adviser Kaetlin Miller, Student & Scholar Adviser Maya Hann-Byrd Int’l Case Coordinator Maya Hann-Byrd Int’l Case Coordinator Kevin Long, Student & Scholar Adviser Shannon Plath Student & Scholar Adviser Pauline Filemoni Student & Scholar Adviser Pauline Filemoni Student & Scholar Adviser Rebecca Sablo, Student & Scholar Adviser Rebecca Sablo, Student & Scholar Adviser Phil DeNeeve Scholar Adviser – Permanent Residency Phil DeNeeve Scholar Adviser – Permanent Residency Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

21. 4. STRATEGIC PLAN - ACCOMPLISHMENTS  Communicated with the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, the Office of the Chief Counsel and UCOP General Counsel regarding various visa policies related to students, post docs and student interns  Collaborated with the Graduate Division and Student Affairs units to address various international student needs  Consulted with student organizations and other key stakeholders on BIO’s programs and services  Consulted with the International Education Committee on key issues related to visas for international scholars and employees  Presented to other stakeholders including the Student Life Committee of the Academic Senate, the ORU’s under the Vice Chancellor for Research, various faculty meetings in the College of Engineering and HR administrators on campus Goal B: Enhance the role of BIO as an active participant in support of the teaching, research and outreach mission of the University. Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO)

22. 4. STRATEGIC PLAN - ACCOMPLISHMENTS  Adapted services to be more responsive and accessible to customers: improved summer session support and created a drop-in and appointment system for students to see advisers  Offered a wide array of workshops for campus administrators that cover topics such as payroll, hiring, admission and arrival process, and cross-cultural issues  Organized programs to communicate our commitment and concern for customers e.g. a workshop after the Virginia Tech tragedy and a money management workshop in response to the economic climate  Developed new initiatives to address changes in student body, e.g. modified orientation and special web pages for undergraduate students  Changed our name to Berkeley International Office and developed a logo to convey a new identity Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Goal C: Develop a clear internal and external identity that supports our vision.

23. Goal D: Build and foster good working and service relationships Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO)  Initiated regular, proactive communication and collaborative efforts with campus administrators to ensure timely arrival and support of visiting students and scholars.  Overhauled web site to make it more user friendly and provide more online resources for students, scholars and campus staff.  Introduced expedite services for J scholar work to increase responsiveness to campus units needs for fast and agile services.  Conducted an informal survey among peer institutions regarding permanent residency services for faculty. Concluded that the existing model of providing in- house services is the most efficient.  Undertook an external review of our H1B services. The recommendations indicate that the employment-based area of the department requires a more streamlined approach to services

24. 5. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES  Added staff support positions to enhance the work of the department and to allow advisers to focus on the work of immigration advising and visa document production  Created a lead student adviser and a lead J scholar adviser role with advisors reporting to these two positions  Rearranged the student and scholar model – allowing for advisers to advise both students and scholars  Greater emphasis on cross-training of staff for more efficient use of resources  Expanded the use of volunteers and paid students to accomplish various tasks Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE Key staffing changes were made to meet the growing demands on the unit:

25. 6. BUDGET  Returned $168,000 (including $30,160 for next year) to the campus through permanent budget reductions  Sought and received $175,000 over a two-year period in temporary funds  Increased Summer Session financial support from $25,000 to $105,000  Raised recharge fees and added new fees resulting in about $500,000 in additional revenue  Proposed a new student charge for all non-immigrant students that could increase our revenue by about $125,000 Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Aligned resources to meet the needs of the unit Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

26. 6. BUDGET  Berkeley International Office received no new resources at the time the government mandated electronic tracking SEVIS database was implemented despite the increased workload.  Among all University of California campuses, UC Berkeley  has the lowest ratio of financial support per international student  is the only campus where the international office supports Summer Session students – that number (including students on tourist status) exceeded 1,500 in 2008  is the only campus where the international office pays its own rent Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

27. 6. (A) BUDGET REDUCTIONS 20000 Fund account for the period 2004-2010 – includes 8% reduction for 09-10 $488,526 $377,011 Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

28. 6. (B) BUDGET – RECHARGE REVENUE 138% growth for the period ’03-’08 Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

29. 6. (C) BUDGET - REVENUE Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO)

30. 6. (C) BUDGET COMPARISONS UC International Office Funds 19900 and 20000 January 2009 Students19900 funds20000 fundsTotalRatio of $ Per Student UC Berkeley -Degree Seeking -Summer Session 3069 1500 $0 $105,000 – (contract based) $377,000 $105,000 – (contract based) $123 $70 UC Davis2048$318, 6190 $155 UC Irvine1622$267,733$176,026$443,759$274 UC Los Angeles5557$161,000$695,000$856,000$154 UC Santa Barbara1158$407,000$95,000$502,000$434 UC San Diego1754$331,014$156,900$487,914$278 Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

31. 7. COLLABORATION WITH STAKEHOLDERS  Interact regularly with government agencies: USCIS, Social Security Administration, and the Department of Motor Vehicles  Consult frequently on student matters with the Office of the Registrar, the Graduate Division, Tang Center, Career Center, undergraduate advising offices, Student Learning Center, and key graduate units  Work closely on scholar matters with a J Scholar Advisory Committee, Tang Center Insurance Office, Payroll and HR, and with larger customers such as Engineering Research Service Organization (ERSO), and other ORU’s  Liaise with the Financial Aid Office and with the Graduate Division in the administration of financial aid to undergraduate and graduate students  Maintain key contacts with campus administrators who work with international employees Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Key initiatives that advance the work of BIO in support of our clients:

32. 8. CURRENT INITIATIVES  Developing a web-based scholar database to enhance data collection and to create electronic documents to replace paper  Reorganizing the employment-based functions to bring coherence to the H-1B and P.R. areas  Modifying programs and services to improve public perception  Updating the strategic plan  Implementing J-1 student intern category option Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Work that is currently underway at BIO: Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

33. 9. FUTURE CHALLENGES A.Projected Growth Among International Students and Scholars B.Changes to Immigration Policy/Practice C.Resource Constraints Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

34. 1. Projected Growth Among All International Students 2. Projected Growth Among International Undergraduate Students 3. Projected Growth Among International Summer Session Students on F and J Visas 4. Projected Growth Among International Visiting Student Researchers (A Subsection of Research Scholars) FUTURE CHALLENGES: Other than summer session which has been impacted by the global recession, at the current level of growth there will be a significant presence of international students and scholars at UC-Berkeley within the next few years. A. Projected Growth Among International Students and Scholars Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO)

35. Projected enrollment of approximately 4,000 international students by 2011 – a 25% growth rate Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Projected Growth Among All International Students Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

36. Projected to grow 100% by 2011. 92 8 1878 1328 1678 66 6 651 Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Projected Growth Among International Undergraduate Students Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

37. 9 (A3). FUTURE CHALLENGES: Projected Growth Among International Summer Session Students on F and J Visas Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

38. 9 (A4). FUTURE CHALLENGES: Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Projected Growth Among International Visiting Student Researchers (A Subsection of Research Scholars) 59% growth among international visiting student researchers based on an average over the last five years Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

39.  Heightened interest in H1B visas: Introduction of a new immigration bill could have an impact on H1B visas; In addition, higher education faces a possible loss of visa cap exemption and possible new recruitment requirements for H1 B employees  Security clearances: Will remain a problem without coordination of multiple government agencies  Visa retrogression: Permanent residency status for Indian and Chinese tenure track faculty will be a challenge  Introduction of SEVIS II by March 15, 2010:  paperless process of facilitating the entry of international students and scholars into the U.S.  will require continuous adaptation and infusion of resources to maintain campus level programming for the interface to succeed  additional monitoring and compliance requirements will increase workload burden  Proposed Dept. of State regulations: New insurance requirements, greater monitoring of dependents’ employment, and tighter deadlines imposed on schools to report activities of students and scholars Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) B. Changes to Immigration Policy/Practice Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

40.  Growth Given their unique needs, the projected increase in enrollment of undergraduate international students along with the growth of research scholars will place a burden on the limited resources of the unit - this is heightened by the unionization of post-docs and their demand for specific immigration benefits  Changes to regulations/policy  The introduction of SEVIS II will result in more mandated services.  Current staffing levels will be insufficient to fulfill visa document production, SEVIS reporting requirements, advising capability, and front line services.  Technology A means to invest in technology must be identified to bring efficiencies into the workplace and to meet the ever evolving monitoring requirements of the federal government  Budgetary Climate In light of the budget constraints faced by the university, a budget oversight process must be identified to address the changing needs of the unit. Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) C. Resource Constraints Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE

41. 10. CONCLUSION The changes to regulations coupled with the growth among students and scholars at UC Berkeley has been a challenge to the international office in a very limited resource environment. Evidence points to the fact that while the volume of work has increased in proportion to the growth, permanent funds to the unit has been decreased. The unit has been successful in adapting to these changes in recent years. However, looking ahead there is indication that:  there will be further increases in workload as a result of a rapidly growing client base  there continue to be sudden, unfunded mandates by the federal government with little prior notification  the university will continue to experience financial challenges resulting in reduced budgets and hiring freezes Given that this is happening all at the same time, considerable more stress is placed on staff. With new recertification processes in place, the likely exposure of the university to risk that is harmful to our teaching and research mission is increased. Accordingly, if future trends are to be realized, UC-Berkeley campus decision makers must consider this larger context in addressing the resource needs of BIO in support of the presence of international students and scholars. Source: University of California / Berkeley International Office (BIO) Berkeley INTERNATIONAL OFFICE