1. Active Transport
vs.
Passive Transport

2. Passive Transport Goes with the flow … with the gradient…. HIGH to LOW
NO Energy needed

3. Concentration: amount of a particular substance in a given volume
concentration gradient when one area has a higher concentration than another area does, a exists.
NO!!!! It’s too crowded…
get out!

4. High to low until equilibrium reached
Equilibrium is a state in which a system remains unchanged over time. A space is filled evenly, equilibrium is reached. A
High to low until equilibrium reached B
Passive transport movement across a membrane without the use of energy (ATP).

5. Modes of Passive Transport
1)Diffusion
Cacaused by: temp, pressure, concentration
Only sm particles squeeze through
2) Facilitated Diffusion
the diffusion of water … through channel proteins
3) Osmosis

6. Types of Osmotic Solutions
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic

7. Isotonic
Same size
Blood Cell
Plant Cell
11,397x

8. Hypotonic
Swell… burst
Blood Cell
Plant Cell
13,000x

9. Hypertonic
shrivels
Blood Cell
Plant Cell
13,000x

11. Some unicellular eukaryotes have contractile vacuoles, which collect excess water inside the cell and force the water out of the cell.
Animal cells have neither cell walls nor contractile vacuoles.
Many animal cells can avoid swelling caused by osmosis by actively removing solutes from the cytoplasm.

12. Active Transport Against the gradient…. LOW to HIGH
Requires Energy … ATP

13. Modes of Active Transport
3 sodium ions go OUT
2 Potassium ions go IN
Is an impt carrier proteins in animal cells
prevents Na+ from building up in the cell,
thus preventing osmosis into the cell.
1)sodium-potassium pump
(Na+/K+ ATPase Pump)
Too big to use carrier proteins … use these sacs …
Endocytosis takes stuff IN
Exocytosis takes stuff OUT
2) vessicles

14. Sodium Potassium pump

15. Endocytosis/Exocytosis
Exocytosis … same thing…just EXITS .
.er uh… takes it to outside of cell