1. A Very Diverse Kingdom

2. Kingdom Animalia Characteristics All animals share the following characteristics 1. Eukaryotic 2. Multicellular 3. Reproduce sexually 4. Heterotrophic 5. Motile, at least for part of their life

3. Animals are taxonomically grouped based on three main features: Number of body layers Type of Body cavity Body Symmetry Kingdom Animalia Features

4. The 3 main layers appear very early in embryonic development. In humans the layers are: Ectoderm – skin, nerves Mesoderm – muscles, blood, kidneys Endoderm – lungs, liver, gut lining Feature 1: Number of body layers

5. The two main types of body cavities are: Coelomates –have a fluid filled body cavity that supports organ systems Acoelomates – lack a fluid filled body cavity like flatworms Feature 2: Type of Body Cavity

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7. The three main types of symmetry are: Bilateral – can be cut into two mirror images through a central line. Radial – body is organized around a central axis. They are symmetrical around any central cut. Asymmetry – no distinctive symmetry Feature 3: Body Symmetry

8. 8 Top Bottom Back Front

9. Animal Phyla Animalia phyla are spilt into two major groups based on the presence or absence of a spinal cord and vertebra 1. Non-chordates or invertebrates 2. Chordates or vertebrates

10.  These are animals without a notochord (backbone)  There are eight phyla of invertebrates 1. Porifera, Sponges 2. Cnidarians, jellyfish 3. Platyhelminthes, Flatworms 4. Annelids, segemented worms pinworm 5. Nematoda, Roundworms 6. Mollusca, snails, clams 7. Echinoderms, starfish 8. Arthropods, insects, crabs spiders Invertebrate Phyla

11. 1. Porifera: Sponges  lack any definite symmetry  Sponges are the simplest animals, lack defined tissues and organs  Are hermaphroditic  Fertilized eggs become free- swimming larvae, which then attach to the ocean floor, metamorphose and become fixed in one place.

12. 2. Cnidarians: Jellyfish and Corals  Have radial symmetry  reproduce both sexual and asexually  Have tentacles with stinging cells that they use to capture food.

13. 3. Platyhelminthes: Flatworms  Have bilateral symmetry.  Free living worms are hermaphroditic, they generate a reproductive system only during breeding season.  Can be free-living or parasites.

14. 4. Nematodes: Roundworms  Have bilateral symmetry. Have long thin, round worm like bodies Most are free-living, however some are parasitic and can cause major health concerns. Simplest organisms to have a complete digestive tract.

15. 5. Annelida: Segmented Worms  Have bilateral symmetry  Have round, segmented bodies which is beneficial for movement, can move different parts at a time, increases flexibility.  Have a coelom

16. 6. Mollusca: Snails, Clams, Squid Have bilateral symmetry Are coelomic They are soft-bodied animals. Most cover their body with a shell for protection.

17. Have radial symmetry Have spiny outer covering for protection Move by changing water pressure inside tubes in the arms Can be stationary or burrowing Have a coelom 7. Echinodermata: Starfish

18.  Have bilateral symmetry.  Ecologically important part of food chains due to their abundant numbers  Have a coelom, including simple respiratory, circulatory and excretory systems  There are four group of arthropods: 1. Arachnids (spiders) 2. Centipedes & Millipedes 3. Crustaceans (crabs, shrimp) 4. Insects 8. Arthropoda: Insects and Spiders