2. Essential Question How did early ideas impact the development of U.S. government?

3. The Principles of Government

4. Aristotle “If liberty and equality, as is thought by some are chiefly to be found in democracy, they will be best attained when all persons alike share in the government to the utmost.”

5. Aristotle Studied the polis or Greek city-state

6. Definition of a State A political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government with the power to make and enforce laws without approval from any higher authority.

7. Definition of Nation Any sizable group of people who are united by common bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, and sometimes, religion. What is a nation-state?

8. Features of a State

9. Population A state has a distinct population A population with shared beliefs has a stable government

10. Territory A state has established boundaries

11. Sovereignty The state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries

12. Government Institution through which a state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions

13. Beginnings of Government? Force Theory – government emerged when people came under the power of a person or group by force

14. Divine Right Theory God chose certain people to rule by divine right Examples?

15. Social Contract Proposed by Thomas Hobbes People surrendered to the state to maintain order The state agreed to protect its citizens

17. John Locke People are endowed with natural rights Life, liberty, and property If gov’t fails to protect these rights, what happens?

18. Purposes of Government? Government decisions are authoritative in exchange for carrying out the following tasks

19. Maintain Social Order Control and contain conflict between people Provide law and order

20. Provide Public Services Make community life possible and promote the general welfare

21. Provide National Security Protect people against attacks from other states

22. Making Economic Decisions Pass laws that shape the economic environment of a nation