1. Energy: Conservation and Transfer Explain the environmental implications associated with the various methods of obtaining, managing, and using energy resources.

2. Energy: Conservation and Transfer  8.P.2.1 Explain the environmental consequences of the various methods of obtaining, transforming and distributing energy.Explain the environmental consequences of the various methods of obtaining, transforming and distributing energy.  8.P.2.2 Explain the implications of the depletion of renewable and nonrenewable energy resources and the importance of conservation.Explain the implications of the depletion of renewable and nonrenewable energy resources and the importance of conservation.

3. Forms and Transformations of Energy  What is energy? The ability to make things move or changeThe ability to make things move or change  Thermal Energy The energy of the moving particles in atomsThe energy of the moving particles in atoms  Like the heat off a cup of hot chocolate Ice-cold lemonade has much less thermal energyIce-cold lemonade has much less thermal energy

4. What is Energy?  Forms of energy: Mechanical EnergyMechanical Energy  Energy of moving objects Electrical EnergyElectrical Energy  Energy of moving electric charges Chemical EnergyChemical Energy  Energy stored in the bonds that hold atoms together in molecules Electromagnetic EnergyElectromagnetic Energy  Energy that travels as waves, through matter or through empty space Nuclear EnergyNuclear Energy  Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom  Energy Examples Energy Examples Energy Examples

5. What is Energy?  Transferring Energy Energy moves from one place to anotherEnergy moves from one place to another  Like when a golfer swings a golf club (mechanical energy), some of the energy releases to the ball and causes it to move When the energy is transferred, you can feel this in the form of heatWhen the energy is transferred, you can feel this in the form of heat

6. Energy Transformations  Energy can also change from one form to another This is called transformationThis is called transformation  All forms can be transferred into other forms  Examples include: Green plants transform electromagnetic energy in the form of sunlight into food. The food is stored chemical energyGreen plants transform electromagnetic energy in the form of sunlight into food. The food is stored chemical energy A car engine changes chemical energy stored in gasoline into thermal energy and then into mechanical energyA car engine changes chemical energy stored in gasoline into thermal energy and then into mechanical energy A fan changes electrical energy into mechanical energyA fan changes electrical energy into mechanical energy A flashlight changes chemical energy stored in a battery into electrical energy and then into light and heatA flashlight changes chemical energy stored in a battery into electrical energy and then into light and heat  Video examples Video examples Video examples (Some of the examples we do not study)(Some of the examples we do not study)

7. Energy Transformations  Energy changes forms all of the time but can never be destroyed. The amount before and after a transfer or transformation will always be the sameThe amount before and after a transfer or transformation will always be the same  Like in a chemical reaction

8. Energy Transformations  When a lightbulb is lit, the energy released as heat is not useful, often called “lost” energy It is not lost, just transferred to the air around the bulbIt is not lost, just transferred to the air around the bulb  Whenever energy is transformed, some moves into the environment in the form of heat, just feel your cellphone while it is charging! cellphone

9. Energy Resources and Their Environmental Impact  Humans use large amounts of energy to power cars, heat homes, and produce electricity This energy comes from the environmentThis energy comes from the environment  Surroundings of all living things  Energy and the environment Energy and the environment Energy and the environment

10. Types of Energy Resources  Nonrenewable Energy Resource Energy source that is used faster than it can be replacedEnergy source that is used faster than it can be replaced  Video Video  Renewable Energy Resource Energy source than can be replaced as it is used or cannot be used upEnergy source than can be replaced as it is used or cannot be used up  Video Video  Video (Part 2) Video (Part 2) Video (Part 2)

11. Nonrenewable Energy Resources  Most energy in the US comes from fossil fuels An energy resource that formed over millions of years from the decayed remains of ancient plants and animalsAn energy resource that formed over millions of years from the decayed remains of ancient plants and animals  A solid example of this is coal Used to power many power plants for electricityUsed to power many power plants for electricity  A liquid example of this is petroleum (oil) Often turned into propane to heat homesOften turned into propane to heat homes  A gas example of this is natural gas Usually found with petroleumUsually found with petroleum

12. Nonrenewable Energy Resources  The main advantage of fossil fuels is the large amount of energy they can produce This leads to pollutionThis leads to pollution  The release of unwanted materials into the environment  Burning causes air pollution  Coal mining can damage land and pollute water supplies  Accidents can damage habitats  Fossil Fuels Video Fossil Fuels Video Fossil Fuels Video History of…History of…  Los Angeles Smog Los Angeles Smog Los Angeles Smog

13. Nonrenewable Energy Resources  Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the air Many scientist believe that the extra CO 2 has led to global warming.Many scientist believe that the extra CO 2 has led to global warming.  A trend of rising average temperatures around the world  Argument about Global Warming Argument about Global Warming Argument about Global Warming LongLong  Argument against Global Warming Argument against Global Warming Argument against Global Warming ShorterShorter

14. Nonrenewable Energy Resources  Nuclear Energy Energy stored in the nucleus of an atomEnergy stored in the nucleus of an atom Another source of energy used in the USAnother source of energy used in the US  Most use Uranium, a nonrenewable resource Does not cause air pollutionDoes not cause air pollution  Could release radioactive materials into the environment that could be harmful to living organisms (us…) radioactive materials into the environment radioactive materials into the environment Produces radioactive waste which needs to be stored for a long timeProduces radioactive waste which needs to be stored for a long timewaste

15. Renewable Energy Resources  Humans have used renewable energy for thousands of years The three most used are:The three most used are:  Wind Wind  Water Water  Solar Solar

16. Renewable Energy Resources  Solar Energy Energy from the sunEnergy from the sun Often used today to heat water in homesOften used today to heat water in homes Solar panels can be used to produce electricity alsoSolar panels can be used to produce electricity also  Photovoltaic Cell Another name for a solar cellAnother name for a solar cell They collect sunlight that heats the atoms in the cellThey collect sunlight that heats the atoms in the cell Cannot be used at nightCannot be used at night  Can combine with Solar Batteries Store the energy collected during the dayStore the energy collected during the day  Solar Reflector Reflects and focuses sunlight onto fluid-filled pipesReflects and focuses sunlight onto fluid-filled pipes

17. Renewable Energy Resources  Wind Energy Energy of moving airEnergy of moving air Turns the blades of windmills or turbines to create electrical or mechanical energyTurns the blades of windmills or turbines to create electrical or mechanical energy No pollution but does affect local environmentsNo pollution but does affect local environments  Noisy for the neighbors  Local birds and bats are often struck by the blades Many nations looking offshore to build new wind farmsMany nations looking offshore to build new wind farms

18. Renewable Energy Resources  Hydropower Energy of moving waterEnergy of moving water Built on rivers in US and around the worldBuilt on rivers in US and around the world Moving water turn blades to produce electricityMoving water turn blades to produce electricity  Similar to wind energy  Usually near waterfalls or fast moving water  Dam Video Dam Video Dam Video  Dam Removal Video Dam Removal Video Dam Removal Video

19. Renewable Energy Resources  Biomass Any material from living things that can be used as an energy sourceAny material from living things that can be used as an energy source  Examples include burning wood, fermenting crops like corn for ethanol Disadvantage is the release of CO 2 into the environmentDisadvantage is the release of CO 2 into the environment Another disadvantage is the use of food source for energy when there are people starving.Another disadvantage is the use of food source for energy when there are people starving.  NASCAR connection NASCAR connection NASCAR connection

20. Renewable Energy Resources  Geothermal Energy Heat energy inside Earth that can be used to heat buildings and produce electricityHeat energy inside Earth that can be used to heat buildings and produce electricity Usually located over volcanic groundsUsually located over volcanic grounds  Iceland has the largest number Nearly 90% of all homes in Iceland are heated by geothermal energyNearly 90% of all homes in Iceland are heated by geothermal energy  Geothermal Heat Geothermal Heat Geothermal Heat

21. Using and Conserving Energy Resources  Nonrenewable energy resources are used most worldwide.  In the last 50 years, we have doubled the use of fossil fuels to meet the growing world population  These fuels will not last forever

22. Using Energy  Using Energy The more tools and devices we develop, the more energy we will needThe more tools and devices we develop, the more energy we will need  Conserving Energy In the 1950’s we used the same amount of energy we producedIn the 1950’s we used the same amount of energy we produced In the 2000’s we use much more energy than we produceIn the 2000’s we use much more energy than we produce ConservationConservation  The careful use and management of resources  Using energy responsibly Using energy responsibly Using energy responsibly 20 Minute Video20 Minute Video  Bill Nye Energy Episode Bill Nye Energy Episode Bill Nye Energy Episode 20 Minute Video20 Minute Video  Major League Baseball Goes Green Major League Baseball Goes Green Major League Baseball Goes Green 10 minutes10 minutes