1. Foreshadowing
In Of Mice and Men
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2. S4L: Questioning – how and why?
Learning Objectives
We are learning to...
Understand how Steinbeck uses foreshadowing
Explain how this creates meaning
S4L: Questioning – how and why?

3. Foreshadow
Foreshadow: to present an indication or a suggestion of beforehand. (like a shadow before…)

4. Foreshadow to present an indication or a suggestion of beforehand
Fear is the path to the dark side. Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.”

5. Candy’s Dog

6. The basics Candy’s Dog Lennie Killed by? Killed with?
How are they killed?
Who kills them?
Why are they killed?

7. Why does Steinbeck have these similarities
Why does Steinbeck have these similarities? How does it make the reader feel about the way George treats Lennie? What does it do to the reader? How does it link to overall themes?

8. Should George have shot Lennie?
Think – Pair - Share

9. ‘the way I’d shoot him, he wouldn’t feel a thing
‘the way I’d shoot him, he wouldn’t feel a thing. I’d put the gun right there’. (...) ‘Right back of the head. He wouldn’t even quiver.’
‘And George raised the gun and steadied it. The hand shook violently, but his face set and his hand steadied. He pulled the trigger. (...) Lennie jarred, and then settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering.’

10. Annotate your sheet to find links – similarities or differences
Annotate your sheet to find links – similarities or differences. What does this do?

11. How does Steinbeck use language to build characters?
Skilled annotation will
Identify features of writers’ use of language and structure with some explanation of layers of meaning.
Excellent annotation
will
Have a detailed explanation, with appropriate terminology, of how language structure are used to develop perceptive identification of layers of meaning

12. ‘the way I’d shoot him, he wouldn’t feel a thing
‘the way I’d shoot him, he wouldn’t feel a thing. I’d put the gun right there’. (...) ‘Right back of the head. He wouldn’t even quiver.’
‘And George raised the gun and steadied it. The hand shook violently, but his face set and his hand steadied. He pulled the trigger. (...) Lennie jarred, and then settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering.’

13. The link between the words show how painless Lennie’s death is.
‘the way I’d shoot him, he wouldn’t feel a thing. I’d put the gun right there’. (...) ‘Right back of the head. He wouldn’t even quiver.’
‘And George raised the gun and steadied it. The hand shook violently, but his face set and his hand steadied. He pulled the trigger. (...) Lennie jarred, and then settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering.’
The link between the words show how painless Lennie’s death is.

14. ‘the way I’d shoot him, he wouldn’t feel a thing
‘the way I’d shoot him, he wouldn’t feel a thing. I’d put the gun right there’. (...) ‘Right back of the head. He wouldn’t even quiver.’
‘And George raised the gun and steadied it. The hand shook violently, but his face set and his hand steadied. He pulled the trigger. (...) Lennie jarred, and then settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering.’
The links in the language suggest the dog and Lennie die painlessly as they did not ‘quiver’. This direct foreshadowing suggests it was necessary for Lennie to die; the reader understands that it was kinder for Lennie to die than to live.

15. Speculate – how and why?
How does the killing of Candy’s dog link to wider themes in the novel?

16. T
The author’s use of language / words / tone of voice is significant.
Imagery is significant in this section.
The imagery of is especially significant in this section.
The author uses setting to convey ...
The characterisation of ... is developed in this section.
Structurally, this section is significant. E
We can see this in the quotation ...
We hear the character described as ...
The word ... demonstrates this.
Arguably, the most significant words are ... and ...
The image of the ... is crucial to our understanding. P
The author seems to be suggesting ...
The author is, perhaps, exploring the idea of ...
The author is explaining, illustrating, uncovering, hiding, illuminating, developing,
The words suggest / imply / convey ...
This word / phrase / image / character makes me think of ... because...
This conveys feelings of ... because....
The word / image contains several ideas. For example...
The author seems to be exploring the them / idea of ...
From one perspective we could say ... From another we might consider...
Developing the interpretation further, we could argue that...
This links with.....
This idea is repeated when......

17. Success Criteria Skilled Writing will Excellent Writing will
Identify and comment on the writers’ use of structure and language to contribute to effect with some explanation of layers of meaning.
Comment uses quotations
Excellent Writing
will
Have a detailed explanation, with appropriate terminology, of how structure and language is used and begins to develop perceptive identification of layers of meaning
Commentary embeds appropriate quotations to support point

18. Steinbeck use of foreshadowing creates a sense of expectation and tension

19. Steinbeck use of foreshadowing creates a sense of expectation and tension. There are clear links in the language Steinbeck uses for both the killing of Candy’s dog and Lennie. For example, the dog ‘wouldn’t even quiver.’ and when Lennie is killed he ‘settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering’.

20. Steinbeck use of foreshadowing creates a sense of expectation and tension. There are clear links in the language Steinbeck uses for both the killing of Candy’s dog and Lennie. For example, the dog ‘wouldn’t even quiver.’ and when Lennie is killed he ‘settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering’. The foreshadowing suggests it was necessary for Lennie to die; the reader understands that it was kinder for Lennie to die than to live.

21. Steinbeck use of foreshadowing creates a sense of expectation and tension. There are clear links in the language Steinbeck uses for both the killing of Candy’s dog and Lennie. For example, the dog ‘wouldn’t even quiver.’ and when Lennie is killed he ‘settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering’. The foreshadowing suggests it was necessary for Lennie to die; the reader understands that it was kinder for Lennie to die than to live. The links in the language suggest the dog and Lennie die painlessly as they did not ‘quiver’. The use of ‘settled slowly’ reinforces the reader understanding of this being the best death for Lennie..

22. Steinbeck use of foreshadowing creates a sense of expectation and tension. There are clear links in the language Steinbeck uses for both the killing of Candy’s dog and Lennie. For example, the dog ‘wouldn’t even quiver.’ and when Lennie is killed he ‘settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering’. The foreshadowing suggests it was necessary for Lennie to die; the reader understands that it was kinder for Lennie to die than to live. The links in the language suggest the dog and Lennie die painlessly as they did not ‘quiver’. The use of ‘settled slowly’ reinforces the reader understanding of this being the best death for Lennie. The links between the killing of the dog and Lennie ensure that the reader knows George has to shoot Lennie as Candy felt he ‘ought to have shot that dog’ himself.

23. Or...

24. Steinbeck use of foreshadowing creates a sense of expectation and heightens the tension. There are clear links in the language Steinbeck uses for both the killing of Candy’s dog and Lennie. For example, the dog ‘wouldn’t even quiver.’ and when Lennie is killed he ‘settled slowly forward in the sand, and he lay without quivering’. The foreshadowing suggests it was necessary for Lennie to die and the reader understands that the dog needs to die (putting animals down is a concept we are used to); the reader then understands that was kinder for Lennie to die than to live. The links in the language suggest the dog and Lennie die painlessly as they did not ‘quiver’. The use of ‘settled slowly’ reinforces the reader understanding of this being the best death for Lennie; the sibilance amplifies the softness of the death. Furthermore, the animalistic imagery used to describe Lennie throughout the text intensify the links between Lennie and Candy’s dog. The links between the killing of the dog and Lennie ensure that the reader knows George has to shoot Lennie as Candy felt he ‘ought to have shot that dog’ himself; when Lennie kills Curley’s wife, the reader is aware that this can only end tragically.

25. How does Steinbeck’s use of foreshadowing to contribute to meaning?

26. Success Criteria Skilled Writing will Excellent Writing will
Identify and comment on the writers’ use of structure and language to contribute to effect with some explanation of layers of meaning.
Comment uses quotations
Excellent Writing
will
Have a detailed explanation, with appropriate terminology, of how structure and language is used and begins to develop perceptive identification of layers of meaning
Commentary embeds appropriate quotations to support point